青岛市无烟示范机关创建干预效果评价  

Evaluation of the intervention effect of the establishment of smoke-free demonstration institutions in Qingdao

作　　者：贾晓岑 王瑞[2] 吴一波 贾晓蓉[2] 綦斐[2] JIA Xiao-cen;WANG Rui;WU Yi-bo;JIA Xiao-rong;QI Fei(不详;School of Public Health,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学公共卫生学院,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266033 [3]北京大学公共卫生学院 [4]辽宁工程技术大学传媒与艺术学院循证传播与信息管理研究中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第10期1813-1817,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2018WS254);青岛市医疗卫生重点学科建设项目2020B047。

摘　　要：目的评价青岛市无烟示范机关创建活动对机关人员吸烟以及认知情况的影响,助力青岛市无烟环境建设。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法分别于活动开展前、后对青岛市399家党政机关各进行一次问卷调查,SPSS 26.0进行统计分析,将性别、年龄、BMI、慢性病患病情况、饮食口味作为匹配变量进行倾向性评分匹配,匹配后的数据采用χ^(2)检验进行比较。结果倾向性评分匹配后,2594对参与无烟机关创建的党政机关人员纳入研究。经统计分析,干预后青岛市机关人员办公场所吸烟率由3.7%下降到2.6%,办公楼内大部分地点二手烟暴露比例降低;戒烟率由13.3%升高到15.3%,吸烟职工中戒烟1次、2次及以上的比例分别提高了2.5%、4.8%;被调查职工所在单位全部禁烟的比例由79.3%升高到82.2%,对违反禁烟规定的行为有惩罚或警告措施的比例由54.5%上升到69.7%;烟草危害认知情况前后变化不大。结论青岛市无烟示范机关创建活动对降低办公楼内吸烟率、办公楼内大部分地点二手烟暴露率,提高戒烟率,改善单位无烟环境效果显著,但需要进一步提高机关人员烟草危害认知,促进无烟环境保持。Objective To evaluate the impact of the creation of a smoke-free demonstration organ in Qingdao on smoking and the perceptions of organ personnel,and to help build a smoke-free environment in Qingdao.Methods A stratified whole-group sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 399 party and government organs in Qingdao before and after the campaign,and SPSS26.0 was used for statistical analysis.Gender,age,BMI,chronic disease prevalence,dietary taste were used as matching variables for propensity score matching,and the matched data were compared using theχ^(2)test.Results After propensity score matching,2594 pairs of party and government officials who participated in the creation of smoke-free organs were included in the study.After statistical analysis,the smoking rate in the offices of Qingdao authorities decreased from 3.7%to 2.6%after the intervention,and the proportion of secondhand smoke exposure in most locations in the office buildings decreased;the smoking cessation rate increased from 13.3%to 15.3%,and the proportions of smoking workers who quit smoking for one time and two times or more increased by 2.5%and 4.8%,respectively;the proportion of all smoking bans in the respondents’institutions increased from 79.3%.The proportion of employees who had punishment or warning measures for violating the smoking ban increased from 54.5%to 69.7%.There was little change in the perception of tobacco hazards before and after.Conclusion The creation of a smoke-free demonstration institution in Qingdao was effective in reducing the smoking rate in office buildings and the exposure rate to secondhand smoke in most locations in office buildings,elevating the quit smoking rate,and improving the smoke-free environment of the institution.

关 键 词：机关单位 控烟干预 效果评价 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]