社区社会经济地位对老年居民日常生活自理能力的影响——以社区建成环境为中介  

The effect of community socioeconomic status on older residents’ ability to care for themselves in daily life with the community-built environment as an intermediary

作　　者：张红[1] 任晓晖[1] ZHANG Hong;REN Xiao-hui(Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine,West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,健康行为与社会医学系,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第10期1833-1839,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨社区社会经济地位对老年人日常生活自理能力(activities of daily living,ADL)的影响,为维护老年人群健康提供相关参考。方法基于CHARLS2011年基线数据,将280个社区4269个调查对象纳入分析。采用因果逐步回归法,分析社区社会经济地位对老年ADL损失的影响,以及社区建成环境的中介作用。结果调查对象ADL损失率为26.9%。因果逐步回归结果显示,在控制个人层面变量后,社区年人均纯收入越高,老年ADL无损失率越高(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.51~0.96;P<0.05);社区安全资源(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.59~0.96;P<0.05)和社区运动资源(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.60~0.96;P<0.05)对老年ADL损失具有显著负向作用,两者可分别作为完全中介。结论社区社会经济地位可能通过社区安全资源和社区运动资源对老年ADL产生一定的影响。需要关注低社会经济地位社区老年居民的ADL,为社区老年居民创造安全良好的运动与安全环境。Objective To explore the influence of community socioeconomic status on the activities of daily living(ADL)of the elderly,and to provide relevant references for maintaining the health of the elderly population.Methods Based on CHARLS 2011 baseline data,4269 survey respondents from 280 communities were included in the analysis.A causal stepwise regression method was used to analyze the effect of community socioeconomic status on ADL loss in older adults and the mediating role of community-built environment.Results The rate of ADL loss among survey respondents was 26.9%.The results of the causal stepwise regression showed that after controlling for individual-level variables,higher annual net per capita income in the community was associated with higher ADL loss-free rates in older adults(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.51-0.96;P<0.05);community safety resources(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.59-0.96;P<0.05)and community exercise resources(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.60-0.96;P<0.05)had a significant negative effect on ADL loss in older adults,and both could be used as full mediators,respectively.Conclusion Community socioeconomic status may have some effect on ADL in older adults through community safety resources and community exercise resources.It is needed to pay attention to the ADL of elderly residents in low socioeconomic status communities and to create a safe and good exercise and safety environment for elderly residents in the community.

关 键 词：社区社会经济地位 社区建成环境 老年ADL 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]