使用参照物的射电望远镜中心坐标测量方法  

Radio Telescope Center Point Calibration Method Using Reference Objects

作　　者：武宇翔 严韦[1] 孔德庆[1,2] 张洪波 朱新颖[1] 薛喜平 戴舜[1] 汪赞[1,3] WU Yuxiang;YAN Wei;KONG Deqing;ZHANG Hongbo;ZHU Xinying;XUE Xiping;DAI Shun;WANG Zan(Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台中国科学院月球与深空探测重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]杭州电子科技大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2022年第5期715-721,730,共8页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1831114,11941002)。

摘　　要：为满足新建射电望远镜在单站或多站联合进行的深空探测或射电天文观测对中心坐标精确测定的要求,提出一种利用已知精确中心坐标的望远镜作为参照物,测量地平式射电望远镜中心点坐标的方法和测量数据处理方法。这一方法对场地和设备的要求较低,能够得到毫米级或亚毫米级的位置精度。尤其适合对天线阵列的中心位置进行测量。对国家天文台密云观测站的40 m射电望远镜进行了中心坐标测量,位置均方根误差为2.312 mm,满足了后续的观测工作对其位置的需求。Objectives:Deep space antennas are widely used in deep space and radio astronomical observations, and their precise position coordinates are required for research needs. In many cases, this precise position is given by very long baseline interferometry(VLBI) based on an initial position with millimeter-scale accuracy. Global positioning system(GPS) alone is merely not sufficient to obtain the initial position of newly-built antennas. Therefore, a method using other objects as reference is needed to calibrate observatory positions, especially antenna arrays, and this paper presents such a method for deep space and radio astronomical observations.Methods:This method employs an azimuth-elevation telescope with an accurate position as a reference object to measure the center position of a target telescope. Other reference objects with satisfying position accuracy can also be used in this method. GPS receivers are adopted to establish a reference network with given scale and orientation by differential measurement. The next step is measuring the local positions of two telescopes(or objective and reference) in the reference network using total station instruments deployed in several different locations. Calculations are induced during the transfer of positions in the reference system to unify data from those measurements. The position of the target to the reference object in a local coordinate system is obtained. The final step is the calculation of the coordinates of the target telescope through the accurate position of the reference telescope. A series of processes are used to convert coordinate positions from the local reference system to the international terrestrial reference frame 2014(ITRF2014) reference system. Results:Experimental measurement was carried out to obtain the coordinates of the 40 m diameter radio telescope in national observatory of China(NAOC) Miyun observatory with the 50 m diameter radio telescope also there as a reference object. Total station measurement was conducted at three locations arou

关 键 词：参照物 大地测量 甚长基线干涉测量 射电望远镜 光学测量 

分 类 号：P222[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]