现阶段甘肃省鼠疫疫情形势与防控策略探讨  

Epidemic situation and prevention and control strategies of plague in Gansu Province at present

作　　者：何爱伟 徐大琴[1] 席进孝[1] 王平贵[1] 安文静 He Aiwei;Xu Daqin;Xi Jinxiao;Wang Pinggui;An Wenjing(Plague Prevention and Control Section of Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心鼠疫防制科,兰州730020

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2022年第5期402-406,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81560541);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR11RA181);甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2021-055)。

摘　　要：甘肃省鼠疫自然疫源地面积大、分布广,各疫源地鼠疫流行状态不尽相同。有些鼠疫自然疫源地已静息多年,处于稳定控制状态;有些鼠疫自然疫源地动物间鼠疫流行比较活跃,每年都能分离到几十株鼠疫耶尔森菌,动物间鼠疫不时波及人间,且发生的人间鼠疫病例中重症多,病程短,病死率高。近年来,随着进入鼠疫自然疫源地从事放牧、工程建设等外来务工人员剧增,主动接触旱獭、野兔、牧羊犬等染疫动物的机会增加,由此导致人间鼠疫病例增多。除此之外,非法猎捕、贩运、销售旱獭的行为屡禁不止,导致一年四季均可发生人间鼠疫。为此,甘肃省各级党委政府及卫生行政部门,根据动物间及人间鼠疫流行特征制定了适合本地区的鼠疫防控策略。本文通过探讨现阶段甘肃省鼠疫疫情特征和采取的防控策略,为今后优化鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据和理论指导。Plague natural foci in Gansu Province are large in area and widely distributed,and the epidemic status is different in each focus.Some plague natural foci have been resting for many years and are under stable control.In other plague natural foci,the epidemic of plague among animals is relatively active,and dozens of strains of Yersinia pestis can be isolated every year.The plague among animals spreads to the humans from time to time,and the cases of human plague are more severe,short in course of disease,and high in mortality.In recent years,with the sharp increase of migrant workers engaged in grazing and engineering construction in plague natural foci,opportunities to actively contact infected animals such as marmots,hares and sheepdogs have increased,resulting in an increase of human plague cases.In addition,the behaviors of illegal hunting,trafficking and sale of marmots cannot be stopped,resulting in human plague throughout the year.Therefore,the party committees and governments at all levels and the health administrative departments in Gansu Province have formulated the plague prevention and control measures suitable for this region according to the epidemic characteristics of plague among animals and humans.In this paper,the characteristics of plague epidemic situation at present and the prevention and control measures adopted in Gansu Province are discussed,in order to provide scientific basis and guidance for optimizing plague prevention and control measures in the future.

关 键 词：鼠疫 流行特征 防控策略 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]