高压输电线雨凇覆冰过程与典型舞动特性研究进展  

Research Progress of Glaze Icing Process and Typical Galloping Characteristics of High-Voltage Transmission Lines

作　　者：周超[1] 黄东 孙志刚 ZHOU Chao;HUANG Dong;SUN Zhigang(North China Electric Power University,Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education,Beijing 102206,China;Tuyou Power Supply Branch of Baotou Power Supply Compay,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014100,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电站能量传递转化与系统教育点实验室,北京102206 [2]包头供电公司土右供电分公司,内蒙古包头014100

出　　处：《南方电网技术》2022年第5期134-144,共11页Southern Power System Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0809400);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52075169);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8202043)。

摘　　要：回顾了输电线雨凇覆冰过程与典型舞动特性研究的历史与现状,首先着重分析了风速、环境温度、空气中过冷水含量、水滴直径、导线传输电流、水膜厚度等6个关键因素对雨凇覆冰过程的影响;其次,介绍了试验观测,数值仿真2种研究方法,并从热力学、流体力学和电场3个方面讨论了输电线雨凇覆冰的机理;再次,论述了输电线雨凇覆冰典型的新月形和扇形二种覆冰截面,从风攻角变化、覆冰厚度、湍流强度和平均气流速度4个方面分析了输电线雨凇覆冰的气动力特性;并把输电线雨凇覆冰过程分为输电线表面仅有水膜、输电线表面薄覆冰和输电线表面冰层较厚3个阶段,依次阐述了类斜拉索式风雨激振机理、涡流诱导振动机理、输电线覆冰舞动经典理论和输电线覆冰舞动的其他理论;然后从风速、水膜流动以及导线运动形态3个方面,分析了输电线雨凇覆冰与机翼湿覆冰过程的差异;最后,在总结过去输电线雨凇覆冰研究成果的基础上,指出了今后输电线雨凇覆冰的模型及其舞动可能的研究方向。This paper reviews the history and current situation of the research on the glaze icing process and typical galloping characteristics of transmission lines.Firstly,the effects of wind speed,ambient temperature,supercooled water content in air,droplet diameter,wire transmission current and water film thickness on the glaze icing process are emphatically analyzed.Secondly,two research methods of experimental observation and numerical simulation are introduced,and the mechanism of glaze icing on the transmission line is discussed from three aspects of thermodynamics,fluid mechanics and electric field.Thirdly,the typical crescent-shaped and fan-shaped icing sections of transmission lines are discussed.The aerodynamic characteristics of glaze icing on the transmission line are analyzed from four aspects:wind attack angle change,icing thickness,turbulence intensity and average airflow velocity.The glaze icing process of transmission lines is divided into three stages,namely,only water film on the surface of transmission lines,thin icing on the surface of transmission line and thick ice layer on the surface of transmission lines.The mechanism of cable-like wind-rain excitation,vortex-induced vibration,classical theory of icing galloping of transmission line and other theories of icing galloping of transmission line are expounded in turn.Then,the differences between glaze-icing process of transmission lines and airfoils of are analyzed from three aspects of wind speed,water film flow and conductor motion.Finally,on the basis of summarizing the previous research results of glaze icing on transmission lines,the model of glaze icing on transmission lines and its possible research direction in the future are pointed out.

关 键 词：输电线路 雨凇 湿增长 气动力特性 舞动 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM752[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]