飞机壁板复杂载荷试验技术  

Complex load test technology for aircraft panels:Review

作　　者：王彬文[1] 陈向明[1] 邓凡臣[1] 柴亚南[1] WANG Binwen;CHEN Xiangming;DENG Fanchen;CHAI Yanan(Aeronautics Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Full Scale Aircraft Structure and Fatigue,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞机强度研究所全尺寸飞机结构静力/疲劳航空科技重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第3期72-89,共18页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：民机科研项目(MJ-2015-F-038)。

摘　　要：壁板试验是飞机积木式验证过程中的重要组成部分,但由于壁板结构的复杂受力,在进行壁板性能试验时需综合考虑实际载荷形式与边界约束,而复杂载荷试验技术是模拟飞机壁板结构真实受力与支持状态的重要手段。国内外研究人员和机构开展了大量的壁板试验技术和试验装置的研究与研发工作,有效地降低了试验验证成本、缩短了飞机研制周期,有利支撑了飞机结构的设计与验证工作。本文从民用飞机壁板结构受力状态分析出发,分别对国内外飞机壁板复杂载荷试验技术进行了综述和分析,主要包括平直壁板的压剪复合试验技术、曲板剪切/气密及轴向拉/压等复合载荷试验技术,以及联合载荷施加过程中的防耦合、防干涉等问题,同时评述了各类试验装置载荷施加方法及其优缺点,重点对代表壁板试验技术先进水平的三套曲板试验装置进行了分析和评述。最后对飞机壁板复杂载荷试验技术的发展现状做了总结和展望。Panel tests are an important part of the building block verification process for aircraft development.Due to the complex stress on panels,the actual load form and boundary conditions should be comprehensively considered in the panel test.The complex load test technology is an inevitable choice to simulate the real stress and boundary constraints of aircraft panels.Therefore,domestic and foreign researchers and institutions have conducted extensive research and development work on the panel test technology and facilities,effectively reducing the cost of the test and verification,shortening the development cycle of aircraft,and strongly supporting aircraft design and verification.Based on the stress analysis of civil aircraft panels,this paper summarizes and analyzes the complex load test technology of aircraft panels,including mainly the compression-shear load test technology of flat panels,the combined shear/air pressurization and axial tension/compression load test technology of curved panels,as well as the general anti-coupling and anti-interference problems in the process of combined load application.In addition,three kinds of curved panel test facilities representing the advanced level of the panel testing technology are analyzed and reviewed.Finally,the development status of the complex boundary load test technology for aircraft panels is summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：壁板试验 复杂边界 曲面壁板 平直壁板 试验装置 试验技术 

分 类 号：V216[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]