银川都市圈典型站点大气臭氧及前体物的污染特征分析  

Analysis of pollution characteristics of atmospheric ozone and precursors at typical sites in Yinchuan Metropolitan Area

作　　者：马陈熀 郭佳 纳丽 黄海梅 杨亚丽 缑晓辉 陆耀辉 王纯杰[1,3] 张晓山 MA Chenhuang;GUO Jia;NA Li;HUANG Haimei;YANG Yali;GOU Xiaohui;LU Yaohui;WANG Chunjie;ZHAGN Xiaoshan(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Meteorological Service Center,Yinchuan,750002,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]宁夏回族自治区气象服务中心,银川750002 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第4期1312-1323,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2019BFG02025)资助。

摘　　要：本文分析了银川都市圈的商业/交通/居民混合区和工业区两类典型站点的大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的日变化特征,并通过臭氧生成潜势(OFP)对其生成臭氧潜力进行了评估,此外,基于观测的光化学模型(OBM模型)分析了银川都市圈臭氧生成对前体物的敏感性.观测结果表明,观测期间银川都市圈臭氧呈单峰型日变化,其中商业/交通/居民混合区采样点峰值出现在16:00—18:00,臭氧日最高小时浓度范围为131—200μg·m^(-3);工业区采样点峰值出现在14:00—17:00,臭氧日最高小时浓度范围为155—186μg·m^(-3).商业/交通/居民混合区采样点和工业区采样点总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)日变化浓度均呈现出早晚高、日间低的趋势,最大浓度分别为28.70×10^(-9)、165.84×10^(-9).烯烃对两个采样点臭氧生成潜势均有较大贡献,商业/交通/居民混合区和工业区采样点的贡献率分别为21.58%—67.59%和57.42%—89.73%.银川都市圈大气臭氧生成速率对VOCs中的烯烃和芳香烃的增量变化最为敏感,对CO以及烷烃的敏感性较弱,对于NO的增量通常为负响应.此外,文章还讨论了不同气团来向的臭氧生成对前体物的敏感的差异性.Diurnal variation of ambient volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were analyzed at two typical sites in the commercial/traffic/residential mixed area and industrial area of Yinchuan Metropolitan Area in the present work.The contributions of VOCs categories to ozone(O3)production were assessed by ozone formation potential(OFP)calculations.In addition,an observation-based model(OBM)was used to identify the sensitivity of ozone generation to precursors in the Yinchuan metropolitan area.Observations showed that ozone in Yinchuan depicted a single-peak diurnal pattern during the observed period.In the commercial/traffic/residential mixed area,the O_(3) daily peak occurred between 16:00 and 18:00,with daily maximum hourly concentrations of ozone ranged from 131μg·m^(-3) to 200μg·m^(-3).The O_(3) daily peak in the industrial area occurred between 14:00 and 17:00,and the daily maximum hourly O_(3) ranged from 155μg·m^(-3)to 186μg·m^(-3).The total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs)were higher at morning and night than midday.At the commercial/traffic/residential mixed sampling site,the observed maximum TVOCs concentration was 28.70×10^(-9) and at the industrial sampling site was 165.84×10^(-9).Alkenes made the largest contribution to ozone formation potentials(OFP),which respectively accounted for 67.59% and 89.73% of the OFP in the commercial/traffic/residential mixed sampling site and industrial sampling site.Relative incremental reactivity(RIR)analysis suggests that the ozone formation rate in the Yinchuan Metropolitan Area was most sensitive to the changes of alkenes and aromatics,while less sensitive to CO and alkanes.The present work also illustrates the variations of ozone formation sensitivity to precursors between air masses originating from different directions.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 臭氧生成潜势 相对增量反应活性 臭氧生成敏感性 银川 

分 类 号：X515[环境科学与工程—环境工程]