4454例盗窃案件DNA比中关系的统计分析  

Statistical Analysis into Evidential DNA Matching about Its Relationship with Status of Involved 4454 Theft Cases

作　　者：苗春雨 李甫 徐磊 蔺晨 秦叶 凃政[3] 徐珍[3] MIAO Chunyu;LI Fu;XU Lei;LIN Chen;QIN Ye;TU Zheng;XU Zhen(Dongcheng Forensic Science Service of Beijing Public Security Bureau,Beijing 100061,China;Beijing BAZL Technology Co.Ltd,Beijing 100192,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区公安司法鉴定中心,北京100061 [2]北京博安智联科技有限公司,北京100192 [3]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2022年第3期322-326,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市公安局技术应用类科研项目。

摘　　要：目的统计分析4454例盗窃案件在全国公安机关DNA数据库中的比中情况,为提高DNA证据在侦破盗窃案件中的应用价值提供参考。方法选取2014—2018年间在全国公安机关DNA数据库中有比中信息的盗窃案件(95934起),于DNA实验室检验分析管理系统和现场勘验系统中查询关联信息,形成4454条数据,经设置作案手段/时段、生物检材类型、主要提取部位所处空间、入库比中率、不同作案手段的主要提取部位等6个分类指标,对数据进行统计分析,总结盗窃案件易于形成DNA比中关系的现场生物检材主要提取部位。结果本文列举了形成DNA比中关系数量较多的主要提取部位,DNA总比中率为4.64%,现场物证入库率40.49%,入库比中率为11.46%。结论不同作案手段类型的盗窃案件,其最终DNA比中率较高的提取部位各有不同。现场勘验人员发现和提取的生物检材有较高的检出率、比中率是提高DNA侦破盗窃案件效率的关键。Objective With statistical analysis into DNA matching from the involved 4454 theft cases through National DNA Database of Public Security,the potential relationship is to ascertain for a reference to provide about improving the applicability of evidential DNA in detecting theft cases.Methods 4454 theft cases,out from 95934 pieces occurring during 2014 to 2018,were selected with their respective related DNA being matched against the one in National DNA Database of Public Security.The relevant data were inquired in the systems of both the relating DNA laboratory’s verifi cation-analysis and the scene inspectioninvestigation information.Six indicators were of statistical analysis to set up in accordance with the committing-crime means and durations,types of biological sample,main sites of extraction,ratios of DNA matched into database,and main sites of extraction linking to different committing-crime means.The main extracting sites where to get DNA matching easier were underlined from the selected theft cases.Results From the large number of main extracting sites enumerated of quantity-more DNA matching with the 4454 cases,a gross DNA matching rate of 4.64%was achieved under the 40.49%scene evidential data which were entered into the database and thereby demonstrated a 11.46%successful matching from the inputted data.Conclusions The key extracting sites are different about their getting DNA matching easier for theft cases according to the committing-crime means.It is crucial to effi ciently improve the evidential DNA into solving theft cases whether scene investigators can fi nd and extract those biological materials of higher rate for both DNA testing and matching.

关 键 词：法医物证学 盗窃案件 DNA 主要提取部位 比中关系 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]