有机调理剂对庐山茶园土壤养分和茶叶品质的调控影响  

Sustainable Effects of Two kinds of Organic Amendments on Soil and Tea System in Lushan Tea Garden

作　　者：丁园[1] 路策 侯馨洁 韩超 刘敏 DING Yuan;LU Ce;HOU Xin-jie;HAN Chao;LIU Min(School of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Jiangxi Provincial Eco-environment Monitoring Center,Nanchang 330039,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,南昌330063 [2]江西省生态环境监测中心,南昌330039

出　　处：《南昌航空大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期100-105,共6页Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41967021);江西省科技支撑项目(20151BBF60003);南昌航空大学重金属污染物控制与资源化国家地方联合工程研究中心开放基金(EL202280080)。

摘　　要：土壤理化性质是影响高海拔地区茶叶指标的主要原因,有机调理剂不仅可以减缓土壤酸化速率,而且可以改善土壤养分性质。本研究选择海拔1100 m庐山云雾茶园为供试对象,采用富磷调理剂和菜籽饼肥调理剂,开展3年的定位监测,分析土壤−茶叶系统的持续响应。研究结果表明,富磷调理剂、高/低用量菜籽饼肥可减缓茶园土壤酸化,3年间茶园土壤pH处于Ⅱ级适宜土壤(《茶叶产地环境技术条件》NY/T 853—2004)。施加有机调理剂第1年后土壤养分指标相比对照显著提高(P<0.05)。第2年,富磷调理剂和高用量菜籽饼肥对土壤养分调节效果仍显著高于对照组土壤(P<0.05),其中施加富磷调理剂的土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量相比第一年提高17.2%、78.9%和19.6%。施调理剂后第1年,庐山云雾茶的叶绿素含量和茶多酚含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。第2年,茶多酚含量仍保持在299.34 mg/kg−312.81 mg/kg。结果表明,富磷调理剂、高用量菜籽饼肥对土壤理化性质和茶叶品质的持续调节效果可持续两年。Soil acidification and nutrient impoverishment are the main reasons that affect the tea index in high altitude areas.Organic amendments can not only slow down soil acidification rate,but also improve soil fertility properties.In this paper,Cloud tea Garden at 1100 m altitude in Lushan Mountain was selected as the tested object,and the phosphorus-rich amendment and rapeseed cake were used as the organic amendments to carry out positioning monitoring for three years and analyze the sustainable response of the soil-tea system after one single time application of the amendments.The research results showed that Phosphorus-rich amendment and high/low dose rapeseed cake can slow down the acidification rate of tea garden soil,and the range of soil pH was belong toⅡsuitable soil according to the standard of Environmental Technical Conditions for Tea Production Area(NY/T853—2004).In the first year,the soil nutrient indexes were significantly increased compared with the control(P<0.05).In the second year,the soil nutrient regulation effect of phosphorous-rich amendments and high dosage rapeseed cake was still significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil treated with phosphorous-rich amendment were still 17.2%,78.9%and 19.6%times higher than those indexes in the first year.The contents of chlorophyll and polyphenols in tea also increased significantly in the first year(P<0.05).And the contents of polyphenols in the tea still remained from 299.34 mg/kg to 312.81 mg/kg.Therefore,the phosphorus-rich amendment and the high dose rapeseed cake can effectively improve the physical,chemical properties of the soil and tea quality,and the controlling effect can last for two years.

关 键 词：云雾茶 茶园土壤 菜籽饼肥 富磷调理剂 持续效应 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]