核电厂无源启动中子探测器选型与试验研究  

Selection and Experimental Research of the Passive Start-Up Neutron Detector in Nuclear Power Plant

作　　者：蒋天植 李彪 张芸 王银丽[2] 李文平[2] 黄有骏 沈峰[2] 孙聪健 Jiang Tianzhi;Li Biao;Zhang Yun;Wang Yinli;Li Wenping;Huang Youjun;Shen Feng;Sun Congjian(College of Automation Engineering,University of Electronic Science and technology,Chengdu,611731,China;Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu,610213,China;China Nuclear Control System Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,100176,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学自动化工程学院,成都611731 [2]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,成都610213 [3]中核控制系统工程有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《核动力工程》2022年第3期139-143,共5页Nuclear Power Engineering

摘　　要：为监测核电厂首循环装料、停堆以及启动过程中的堆芯状态,国内外核电厂一般在堆芯引入2个一次中子源组件,但一次中子源均为国外进口,存在进口受限的问题。为解决此问题,研究首循环取消一次中子源组件,采用燃料组件自发裂变产生的中子作为启动用中子源。燃料组件自发裂变产生的中子强度远低于一次中子源。针对以上情况,需在堆外采用更高灵敏度的探测器进行中子注量率的监测。本文在分析各种高灵敏度探测器基本原理的基础上,给出高灵敏度中子探测器的选型建议,并对其性能进行了试验验证,试验结果表明:^(3)He正比计数管即使在γ剂量率大于0.1 Gy/h时,设置合适的甄别电压,也可以有效甄别γ噪声,试验验证的最大γ剂量率为1.0 Gy/h。In order to monitor the reactor core during the first cycle charging,shutdown and start-up of nuclear power plants,domestic and foreign nuclear power plants generally introduce two primary neutron source components in the core,but the primary neutron sources are imported from the United States,which has the problem of import limitations.In order to solve this problem,it is studied to cancel the primary neutron source component in the first cycle and use the neutrons produced by the spontaneous fission of the fuel assembly as the starting neutron source.The neutron intensity produced by spontaneous fission of fuel assembly is much lower than that of primary neutron source.In view of the above situation,it is necessary to use a higher sensitivity detector to monitor the neutron fluence rate outside the reactor.Based on the analysis of the basic principles of various high-sensitivity detectors,this paper gives suggestions on the selection of high-sensitivity neutron detectors,and verifies their performance by experiments.The experiment results show that even when theγdose rate is greater than 0.1 Gy/h,the 3He proportional counter tube can be set with an appropriate discriminating voltage,and can effectively discriminateγnoise.The maximumγdose rate verified by the experiment is 1.0 Gy/h.

关 键 词：无源启动 中子 探测器 正比计数管 高灵敏度 

分 类 号：TL812[核科学技术—核技术及应用]