不同干扰下大兴安岭白桦次生林土壤理化性质特征  

Soil Physicochemical Properties of Betula platyphylla Secondary Forest Under Different Disturbances in Daxing′ anling

作　　者：萨如拉[1] 呼日查 于晓雨 王子瑞 SA Rula;HU Richa;YU Xiaoyu;WANG Zirui(Forestry College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2022年第2期135-140,共6页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“大兴安岭白桦次生林生态修复关键技术研究与示范”(2020GG0067)。

摘　　要：土壤理化性质直接影响林木生长和森林生态系统的健康与稳定。在大兴安岭北部林区选取火烧干扰、采伐干扰以及人工条带改造干扰的白桦次生林作为研究对象,选取pH值、土壤有机质等土壤理化性质指标,利用层次分析法与熵权法相结合的主客观综合赋值法确定综合权重,同时运用灰色关联度法,计算各土壤综合指标值进而评估土壤肥力状况。研究结果表明:1)土壤速效磷、土壤有机质在所有土壤指标中所占权重较高,分别为0.233和0.165。说明土壤速效磷、有机质是土壤肥力重要影响因素。2)土壤综合评价值由大到小排序为0.88(人工条带改造干扰)、0.74(采伐干扰)、0.65(火烧干扰),说明人工条带改造干扰白桦次生林土壤肥力最佳,火烧干扰白桦次生林土壤肥力最差。可见,合理适度的人工措施将有利于白桦次生林土壤肥力提升。通过分析探讨,以期为进一步实现大兴安岭地区白桦次生林的可持续经营以及森林生态系统的稳定发展提供科学依据。Soil physical and chemical properties directly affect forest growth and forest ecosystem health and stability.This research took Betula platyphyllain northern Daxing′anling with forest fire disturbance,the cutting interference and artificial stripe interference as the research object,selected a total of 11 indexes of soil physical and chemical properties,such as pH,soil organic matter,etc,used the subjective and objective comprehensive assignment method combining analytic hierarchy process(ahp)and entropy weight methodto determine the synthesis weights,and at the same time,by applying the method of grey correlation,the soil fertility status was evaluated by calculating the comprehensive indexes of each soil.The results showed that soil available P and soil organic matter accounted for 0.233 and 0.165,respectively,which indicated that soil available P and soil organic matter were important factors affecting soil fertility.Soil values from big to small were in the order of 0.88(artificial stripe interference),0.74(the cutting interference),0.65(interference)on fire,showing the birch forest soil fertility was the best in artificial stripe interference,the birch forest soil fertility was the worst in fire interference,showing that reasonable moderate artificial measureswouldbe conducive to the birch forest soil fertility improvement.The results will provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective measures to improve the ecological function of Betula platyphylla secondary forest in Daxing′anling.

关 键 词：大兴安岭 白桦次生林 不同干扰类型 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S792.153[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.2[农业科学—林学]