文山小河尾水库岩溶渗漏水文地质条件与管道位置识别  

Hydrogeological conditions of karst leakage and identification of pipeline location in Xiaohewei reservoir,Wenshan

作　　者：刘天云 罗锐恒 胡顺强 赵永宾 潘晓东[2,3] 刘伟[2,3] LIU Tianyun;LUO Ruiheng;HU Shunqiang;ZHAO Yongbin;PAN Xiaodong;LIU Wei(Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Survey and Design,Wenshan,Yunnan 663000,China;Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;International Research Centre on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]文山壮族苗族自治州水利电力勘察设计院,云南文山663000 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [3]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2022年第1期88-99,共12页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221758、DD20190326);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21196026)。

摘　　要：小河尾水库是云南省文山州重要的集中式饮用水水源地,承担着22万人饮水供应任务,长年受到渗漏病害问题困扰。文章在水文地质调查基础上,提出小河尾水库岩溶渗漏水文地质条件的新认识:泥盆系坡折落组硅质岩和榴江组硅质岩构成南北两侧隔水边界,中间厚约40米的分水岭组灰岩构成渗漏条带,一NE-SW向压扭性逆断层F_(1)构成西侧隔水边界,库水主要向东北侧渗漏。采用大功率充电法和音频大地电磁法2种物探方法探测岩溶渗漏管道位置和深度,并实施钻孔验证,综合分析水文地质调查、物探和钻探成果,认为在分水岭组灰岩与上部榴江组硅质岩、下部坡折落组硅质岩岩性接触带附近分别存在强岩溶渗漏带,并分析2处强岩溶渗漏带分布特征、规模和充填性质,为小河尾水库渗漏治理提供依据,为以后岩溶地区类似水库渗漏病害问题调查治理提供借鉴。Xiaohewei reservoir is an important centralized drinking water source in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province.It is also the reservoir with the highest sea level in Wenshan City.The reservoir dam is a concrete double curvature arch dam,with a total storage capacity of 3.9892 million m3,a profitable storage capacity of 3.7892 mil⁃lion m3 and a dead storage capacity of 200 thousand m3.Xiaohewei reservoir,supplying 220,000 people with drink⁃ing water,has been plagued by leakage problems for years because the geological survey work in the stage of reser⁃voir site selection is insufficient.According to the 1∶200,000 geological survey data and results of the geological drilling conducted at the dam site,a wrong judgment was made that there are mudstone and silty mudstone clastic rock strata of Devonian Pojiao formation(D1pj)and there is no carbonate rock distribution at the dam site and at the bottom of the reservoir basin.Therefore,it is not likely to occur the leakage caused by karst development in reservoir construction of this area.However,this article presents a new understanding of the hydrogeological condi⁃tions of karst seepage in Xiaohewei reservoir based on hydrogeological investigations.The siliciclastic rocks of the Devonian Pozheluo formation and those of the Liujiang formation form the water barrier between the north and south sides,with the limestone of the watershed zone formation about 40 m thick in the middle forming the seep⁃age zone.A northeast-southwest compressional and torsional reverse fault F1 forms the western water barrier,with water seeping mainly to the northeast.(1)The tracer experiment was carried out between leakage point X01 and collapse pit Tx02.The results show that surface water leaks from the bottom of Xiaohewei reservoir,flows northeast along the karst leakage zone,passes through carbonate rock strata such as Carboniferous Weining forma⁃tion,Maping formation and Permian Yangxin formation,and finally discharges into the karst spring S01 by the Shundian river.(2)Two physi

关 键 词：小河尾水库 病险水库 岩溶渗漏 水文地质 物探技术 

分 类 号：TV697.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]