北京市公众结核病防治知识知晓情况网络调查分析  

A network survey on knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control in Beijing

作　　者：许琰 赵瑶[1] 陈曦 高志东 张红伟 孙闪华 XU Yan;ZHAO Yao;CHEN Xi;GAO Zhi-dong;ZHANG Hong-wei;SUN Shan-hua(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Center for Tuberculosis Research and Control,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京结核病控制研究与防治所,100035

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2022年第2期101-104,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：北京市科技专项(编号:Z151100003015134)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市公众对结核病防治知识的知晓情况及获取结核病防治信息的主要途径,探讨有效开展结核病防治健康教育的方式。方法采用网络问卷对北京市43304名公众开展调查,调查内容涵盖五条核心信息及相关内容,分析比较不同性别、年龄、文化程度和职业的调查对象之间结核病防治知识知晓情况的差异。结果北京市公众结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为81.53%(176520/216520),全部知晓率为44.58%(19305/43304)。总知晓率和全部知晓率女性高于男性;30~44岁年龄段人群总知晓率和全部知晓率最高;职业人群中医务人员的总知晓率和全部知晓率最高。且总知晓率和全部知晓率皆随着学历提升而升高。核心信息相关知识中,出现肺结核可疑症状后去医疗机构就诊的知晓率最高,达99.22%;优惠政策及预防控制措施知晓率较低,分别为47.42%及62.16%。调查对象获取结核病防治知识的主要途径及期望途径均为“讲座、咨询、访谈、健康教育课等”,分别为71.56%和61.04%。结论北京市公众对结核病防治知识的知晓程度较“十二五”时期有明显提升。今后可针对知晓率较低人群开展精准健康教育,并逐步完善及提升新媒体在结核病防治健康教育中的影响力。Objective To understand the public’s knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control and the main approaches to acquire related knowledge in Beijing,and to explore effective ways of health education.Methods A web-based questionnaire was used to survey 43304 members of the public in Beijing,covering five key messages of tuberculosis prevention and control,and the differences in awareness rate by gender,age,education level and occupational groups were compared.Results The overall awareness rate of the key messages on tuberculosis prevention and control in Beijing was 81.53%(176520/216520),the proportion of the subjects who knew all the five key messages was 44.58%(19305/43304),with a higher proportion in females.The overall awareness rate and total awareness rate were highest among 30-44 age group and medical staff,which increased with education level.Among the key messages,the awareness rate of seeing a doctor when you get suspicious symptoms of tuberculosis was the highest,reaching 99.22%;the awareness rates of free policies and prevention measures were low,47.42%and 62.16%,respectively.“Lectures,consultation,interviews,health education courses”were the main approaches and expected approaches to acquire tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge,accounting for 71.56%and 61.04%,respectively.Conclusions The awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge in Beijing has been significantly improved compared with that in the“12th Five-Year-Plan”period.In the future,more accurate health education should be carried out for people with low awareness rate,and the influence of new media in health education of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge should be further enhanced.

关 键 词：结核病 核心信息 知晓率 网络调查 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]