稻鱼共生系统农田边界的植物和丛枝菌根真菌调查--以首批全球重要农业文化遗产稻鱼共生系统核心保护地浙江青田龙现为例  

Plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversities in field margins of the glob-ally important agricultural heritage rice-fish system

作　　者：周静怡 赵璐峰 唐建军[1] 裘子悦 娄李懿 陈超巍 吴静 林佳辰 郭梁[1] 胡亮亮[1] 陈欣[1] ZHOU Jingyi;ZHAO Lufeng;TANG Jianjun;QIU Ziyue;LOU Liyi;CHEN Chaowei;WU Jing;LIN Jiachen;GUO Liang;HU Liangliang;CHEN Xin(Department of Ecology,College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院生态学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第6期889-899,共11页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770481,31661143001,31500349);浙江省重点研发项目(2022C02058)资助。

摘　　要：全球重要农业文化遗产系统(Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems,GIAHS)对农业生物多样性的保育作用近年来受到关注。研究已表明,GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统保持高的水稻品种多样性和田鱼遗传多样性,但在保育野生植物资源及其相关生物方面的作用仍不清楚。本文研究了GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统农田边界栖息的植物及与之共生的丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)群落,通过坡底、坡中和坡顶取样,评估农田边界植物多样性,并通过高通量测序测定农田边界土壤AMF群落的多样性和组成。结果表明,在本研究所调查的范围内,由于总高差不大,坡底、坡中和坡顶3个样地的植物组成、AMF群落组成及土壤理化性质均无显著性差异。青田稻鱼共生系统的农田边界分布有53科109种维管植物,α多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数)为0.74~0.84,β多样性指数(Whittaker指数)为0.67~0.77。农田边界植物AMF侵染率为6.67%~44.44%,根际土壤AMF分属9科14属62种,优势科为球囊霉科(Glomeraceae),优势属为球囊霉属(Glomus);农田边界的土壤碳、氮、磷、钾含量较高。相关分析表明,AMF群落多样性与植物多样性呈正相关,与土壤碳、氮、磷、钾含量也呈正相关,其中与土壤速效磷的相关性最显著。这些研究结果表明,GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统农田边界保育有较高植物多样性及与之相共生的AMF群落,研究结果有助于加深人们对GIAHS在生物多样性保育方面的理解。The role of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)in agro-biodiversity conservation is recently concerned.Studies have shown that the GIAHS-Qingtian rice-fish system has maintained a high diversity of rice varieties and local common carp population.The wild plant species diversity and the associated biota maintained in the GIAHS-Qingtian rice-fish system,however,are less well known.In this study,we examined plants and the associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in the field margins of the GIAHS-Qingtian rice-fish system.At the pilot site of the rice-fish system in Qingtian County,southern Zhejiang Province(120°26′–121°41′E,27°25′–28°57′N),we investigated wild plant species diversity and collected soil samples from the rhizosphere at the field margin along a hillside with terrace fields.Theαandβdiversity indices of wild plants were calculated.The AMF communities in the soil samples were determined using high-throughput sequencing,and their diversity and composition were analyzed.No significant difference was found in the sample plots at different position along the slope.In the GIAHS-Qingtian rice-fish system,109 vascular plant species belonging to 53 families in the field margin were found.Plant speciesαdiversity(Shannon-Wiener index)was 0.74–0.84,and theβdiversity(Whittaker index)was 0.67–0.77.The average AMF colonization rate of the plant species in the field margin was 6.67%–44.44%.Nine families,14 genera,and 62 AMF species were found in soil along the field margin.The dominant AMF family was Glomeraceae,with a relative abundance of 87.29%–89.64%,and the dominant genus was Glomus(87.29%–89.64%).Carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium contents were relatively high in the rhizospheric soil at the field margin.Correlation analysis showed that the AMF species diversity index(Shannon index)was positively correlated with the plant species diversity index(species richness).At the genus level,the AMF species diversity index(Shannon index)of Glomus was positively corr

关 键 词：稻鱼共生系统 农田边界 土壤生境 植物 丛枝菌根真菌 多样性 

分 类 号：Q143[生物学—生态学]