考虑要素协同的高铁列车运行图双层优化模型  

Bilevel Optimization Model for High-speed Railway Train Operation Diagram Considering Multifactor Cooperation

作　　者：石敏涵 吕红霞[1,2,3] 倪少权 吕苗苗[1,2,3] SHI Min-han;LV Hong-xia;NI Shao-quan;LV Miao-miao(School of Transportation and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology,Chengdu 611756,China;National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学,交通运输与物流学院,成都611756 [2]综合交通大数据应用技术国家工程实验室,成都611756 [3]综合交通运输智能化国家地方联合工程实验室,成都611756

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2022年第2期125-135,共11页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB1200702);国家自然科学基金项目(52072314);四川省科技计划项目(2020YJ0268,2020YJ0256);成都市科技项目(2019-YF05-01493-SN,2020-RK00-00036-ZF);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ18G030012);教育部人文社科基金项目(18YJC630190)。

摘　　要：列车停站方案、列车运行图和动车组接续方案间相互影响,将三者进行协同优化能够保证在提高客流需求满足程度的同时,最大程度地降低由动车组运用决定的铁路部门运输组织成本。因此,本文在分析三者间协同关系的基础上,建立双层模型。上层模型为以旅客需求满足程度最高、铁路部门运输成本最低为目标的协同优化模型,下层模型为以动车组运用数量和接续时间最小为目标的最优动车组接续模型,且下层模型将最优动车组运用指标决定的铁路部门运输成本传递至上层目标函数中,构成双层模型间的联系。结合模型的双层特性,设计双层启发式算法求解,外层采用计算效率高、计算效果好的自适应大邻域搜索算法,根据算子的历史表现动态确定算子选择概率,以获得停站方案与运行图综合可行解;内层采用模拟退火算法,在外层输入方案的基础上,确定相应的最优动车组接续方案,并将指标输出至外层。算例分析结果表明,采用本文提出的协同优化方法进行优化,能在可接受时间范围内得到指标较优的综合方案,验证了本文模型和算法的有效性。The train stop plan,train operation diagram,and electrical multiple units(EMUs)circulation plan interact.Their collaborative optimization ensures that the satisfaction of passenger flow demand can be improved.In addition,the transportation organization costs of the railway department determined by EMUs operation can be minimized.Therefore,a bilevel model based on the analysis of the collaborative relationship between these three schemes was established in this study.The upper-level model was the collaborative optimization model established to achieve the highest satisfaction of the passenger demand and the lowest transportation cost of railway departments.The lowerlevel model was the optimal EMUs operation model for the minimum number of EMUs used and the minimum connection time.The lower-level model transferred the transportation cost of the railway department determined using the optimal EMUs operation index to the objective function of the upper-level model,which constitutes the connection between these two layers.Combined with the double-layer characteristics of the model,a double-layer heuristic algorithm was designed to solve the problem.In the outer layer,the adaptive large-neighborhood search algorithm with high computational efficiency and good computational effect was adopted.The selection probability of the operators was dynamically determined based on the historical performance to obtain a feasible solution of the train stop plan and train operation diagram result.The inner layer had a simulated annealing algorithm,determined the corresponding optimal EMUs connection scheme based on the outer layer,and output the index to the outer layer.Finally,the example analysis result shows that a comprehensive scheme with improved indexes can be obtained within an acceptable time range using the proposed collaborative optimization method,verifying the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.

关 键 词：铁路运输 停站方案 列车运行图 动车组接续方案 协同优化 双层规划 

分 类 号：U292.41[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]