3种圆柏属植物叶片气孔特征对自然光强的响应  

Response of Leaf Stomatal Characteristics of Three Species of Juniperus to Natural Light Intensity

作　　者：宋晨慧 张有福[1] 王梦可 王露露 陈春艳[1] SONG Chenhui;ZHANG Youfu;WANG Mengke;WANG Lulu;CHEN Chunyan(College of Agricultural,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第4期28-34,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870380)。

摘　　要：【目的】光诱导的气孔开合是植物调节吸收CO_(2)和蒸腾作用的重要原因,探讨不同光环境下植物气孔特征有助于理解植物对环境的适应机制。【方法】以北方广泛栽培的具有异形叶特征的3种圆柏属植物为研究对象,应用NaClO法制片,对气孔特征进行观察与参数测定,分析同一生境下短期光照变化(日变化)与长期光照差异(树冠阴面和阳面)下叶片的气孔特征及其相关性。【结果】3种圆柏属植物叶有两种叶形,其中鳞形叶气孔分布在近轴面和两鳞形叶交界处的远轴面上,刺形叶气孔仅分布于近轴面且有两条明显的气孔带。日变化下3种圆柏属植物叶片保卫细胞宽度中午比早晨分别显著减小0.06%、0.09%、0.09%,气孔开度显著增大27.6%、24.3%、24.3%,且二者呈负相关,但中午保卫细胞长度和气孔密度与早晨无显著差异,表明3种植物主要通过保卫细胞宽度的收缩调节气孔开度以适应短期光照变化。【结论】3种圆柏属植物阳面叶片保卫细胞长度和宽度、气孔密度、气孔开度与阴面叶相应指标均存在显著差异,且前三者均与气孔开度具有显著相关,表明3种植物依赖于保卫细胞长度和宽度的伸缩来改变气孔开度和气孔密度,以适应长期光照差异。气孔特征可以较好地反映植物对长期和短期光照适应性的差异。【Objective】Light-induced stomatal opening and closing is an important factor regulating CO_(2) intake and transpiration in plants.The study of plant stomatal characteristics under different light environments is helpful to understand the mechanism of plant adaptation to the environment.【Method】Taking three species of Juniperus plants with heteromorphic leaves widely cultivated in northern China as research objects,the stomatal characteristics were observed and parameters were measured by using NaClO method,and the stomatal characteristics and their correlation under short-term light change(diurnal change)and long-term light difference(shady and sunny sides of the canopy)in the same habitat were investigated.【Result】The leaves of three species of Juniperus had two leaf shapes.The stomata of scale leaves were distributed on the adaxial side and the abaxial side at the junction of two scale-like leaves,and the stomata of thorn leaves were only distributed on the adaxial side with two stomatal bands.Under diurnal changes,the width of guard cells in leaves of the three species of Juniperus at noon decreased significantly by 0.06%,0.09%and 0.09%compared with that in the morning,and the stomatal opening increased significantly by 27.6%,24.3%and 24.3%,and they were negatively correlated,however,there was no significant difference in guard cell length and stomatal density between morning and noon,indicating that the three species regulated stomatal aperture to adapt to short-term light changes mainly by guarding the contraction of cell width.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in guard cell length and width,stomatal density and stomatal aperture between the sunny leaves and the shady leaves of the canopy of the three species,and the first three parameters were significantly correlated with stomatal aperture,indicating that the three species changed stomatal aperture by regulating guard cells in length and width and stomatal density to adapt to the long-term light difference.Stomatal characterist

关 键 词：圆柏属 气孔 光强 树冠阴阳面 日变化 

分 类 号：S791.44[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.45[农业科学—林学]