基于胀锁式对穿锚索的沿空掘巷窄煤柱双向加固机理研究  

Research on bidirectional-reinforcement mechanism of narrow coal pillar of gob-side entry driving based on inflatable lock-type anchor

作　　者：谷长宛 王波[1] 王军[2] 陆长亮 GU Changwan;WANG Bo;WANG Jun;LU Changliang(School of Emergency Technology and Management,North China Institute of Science and Technology,Beijing 101601,China;School of Civil Engineering,Shangdong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院应急技术与管理学院,北京101601 [2]山东建筑大学土木工程学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2022年第4期106-116,共11页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2019508088);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574124);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(3142018034)。

摘　　要：基于胀锁式对穿锚索的沿空掘巷窄煤柱双向加固技术是一种针对沿空掘巷留设煤柱支护的新型技术,为进一步研究胀锁式对穿锚索加固机理及优化支护方案,以济宁三号煤矿123_(下)04工作面沿空掘巷留设煤柱为工程背景,结合室内试验和现场工业试验的相关结论,采用FLAC^(3D)数值计算软件,分析了对锚固单元中煤体内部破裂特征及其演化过程和胀锁式对穿锚索荷载特征、不同加固方式下窄煤柱变形量变化规律及应力分布变化规律和胀锁式对穿锚索受力变化规律。结果表明:胀锁式对穿锚索可以有效控制窄煤柱变形;由锚索预应力产生的压应力区呈对称分布;锚固体内部产生了共轭剪切破坏带,且共轭剪切带与水平面夹角约为45°;锚索轴向荷载具有显著阶段特征;峰前阶段,锚索轴力基本稳定;峰后阶段,锚索轴力显著增大,且杆体中部载荷大于两端;锚索采用间排距在0.8 m×1.0 m~1.5 m×1.0 m的双排布置方式较为合理。研究成果可为完善胀锁式对穿锚索沿空掘巷窄煤柱双向加固理论和进一步推广该技术提供有力支撑。The bidirectional-reinforcement technology for narrow coal pillars in gob-side entry driving based on inflatable lock-type anchor is a new technology for retaining coal pillar support in gob-side roadway.In order to further study the reinforcement mechanism and opti⁃mize the support scheme of inflatable lock-type anchor,the coal pillar set in the gob-side entry driving of 04 working face under 123 coal seam in the Jining No.3 Coal Mine was taken as the engineering background,combined with the relevant conclusions of laboratory experi⁃ments and field industrial test,the FLAC^(3D) numerical calculation software was applied to analyze the internal rupture characteristics and e⁃volution process of coal body and load characteristics of inflatable lock-type anchor of the anchoring unit,the law of narrow coal pillar de⁃formation and stress distribution and force of inflatable lock-type anchor of different reinforcement methods.The results show that the de⁃formation of narrow coal pillar can be effectively controlled by inflatable lock-type anchor.The compressive stress area generated by the prestress of the anchor cable is symmetrically distributed.The conjugate shear failure zone is generated inside the anchor,and the angle between the conjugate shear band and the horizontal plane is about 45°.The distribution of axial load of cable has significant characteris⁃tics of stages.In the pre-peak stage,the axial force of the anchor cable is basically stable.In the post-peak stage,the axial force of the anchor cable increased significantly,and the load in the middle of the rod is larger than that at both ends.It is more reasonable for the an⁃chor cables to adopt a double-row arrangement with a row spacing between 0.8×1.0 m and 1.5×1.0 m.The research results can provide strong support for perfecting the theory of two-way reinforcement of narrow coal pillars in gob-gob roadway excavation and further populari⁃zing the technology.

关 键 词：胀锁式对穿锚索 沿空掘巷 窄煤柱 双向加固 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]