金属材料中的退火强化现象及其微观机理研究进展  

Research progress on annealing strengthening phenomenon and its micro mechanism in metal materials

作　　者：王珊 王磊 康梦 党萍萍 黎振成 陈畅[3] WANG Shan;WANG Lei;KANG Meng;DANG Ping-ping;LI Zhen-cheng;CHEN Chang(Anhui Key Laboratory of Aviation Structure Forming Manufacturing and Equipment,Hefei 230009,China;Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]航空结构件成形制造与装备安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学工业与装备技术研究院,安徽合肥230009 [3]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2022年第4期1-9,共9页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51704091);安徽省自然科学基金(2108085ME162)。

摘　　要：退火处理对于金属材料的组织和性能控制至关重要。对于纯金属或者单相固溶体合金来说,退火处理并不能使它们发生时效强化,通常是为了使它们发生回复和再结晶,促使它们的强度下降、塑性提高,以提高它们的加工性能或使用性能。但是,有些纯金属或者单相合金经退火后发生了反常的强化现象,这对于这类材料的力学性能优化至关重要。本文综述了金属材料中的这种异常退火强化现象的研究现状,并对这些退火强化现象的微观机理进行了分析总结。发现它们的强化机理因晶粒尺寸的差别而不同,其中纳米晶金属材料退火强化的主要机理为位错源抑制所致,而普通粗晶金属材料的强化则主要归因为溶质原子的偏聚。最后,对金属材料中的这种异常退火现象的研究方向和亟需解决的问题进行了展望。Annealing treatment is very important for controlling the microstructure and properties of metal materials.For pure metals or single-phase solid solution alloys,annealing treatment usually cannot result in aging hardening,but achieve recovery and recrystallization,accompanying with a decrease of strength and an increase of plasticity,so as to improve their processability or service performance.However,some pure metals or single-phase alloys have abnormal strengthening after annealing treatment,which is very important for the optimization of mechanical properties of these materials.In this paper,the research status of this abnormal annealing strengthening phenomenon in metal materials is reviewed,and the micro mechanism of these annealing strengthening phenomena is analyzed and summarized.It is found that their strengthening mechanism is different due to the difference of grain size.The main mechanism of annealing strengthening of nanocrystalline metal materials is the inhibition of dislocation source,while the strengthening of common coarsegrained metal materials is mainly due to the segregation of solute atoms.Finally,the research direction and problems that need to be solved urgently of this abnormal annealing phenomenon in metal materials are prospected.

关 键 词：纯金属 单相合金 超细晶 退火 强化机制 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]