佉卢文书所见鄯善国牛之用途初探  

A Preliminary Study on the Use of Shanshan Country Cattle from the Perspective of Kharosthi Documents

作　　者：张婧 Zhang Jing(School of Marxism, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046 China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学马克思主义学院,西安712046

出　　处：《西安文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期58-61,共4页Journal of Xi’an University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目:新疆出土佉卢文土地契约文书整理与研究(20BTQ038)。

摘　　要：鄯善本名楼兰,为西域古国。以20世纪初楼兰、尼雅等遗址出土的大批佉卢文书为研究对象,探讨鄯善国牛之用途。研究结果表明:牛在鄯善国不但是王室的重要物资,而且是百姓生活中的重要财产,同时又是税收的来源,在一定程度上充当了交换的媒介,在祭祀中又是被奉献给神灵的牺牲。由于牛在鄯善国的作用非同一般,因此,国家法律对于盗窃他人之牛的行为严惩不贷。Shanshan,whose original name is Loulan,is an ancient country in the Western Regions.Taking a large number of Kharosthi Documents unearthed from Loulan,Niya and other sites in the early 20th century as the research object,this paper discusses the use of cattle in Shanshan country.The research results show that cattle are not only the important property of the royal family,but also the important property of the people's life,and at the same time,they are the source of tax revenue.To a certain extent,they serve as the medium of exchange,and they are sacrificed to the gods in sacrifices.Because cattle play an extraordinary role in Shanshan country,the national law has a great influence on act hell to pay,which steals other people’s cattle.

关 键 词：佉卢文书 鄯善国 牛 用途 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学] K289[历史地理—中国史]