传统医药知识产权与遗传资源权的博弈合作——以新冠肺炎防治中医药的保护为例  

Cooperation Between Intellectual Property Rights and Genetic Resources Rights to Protect Traditional Medicine--Taking Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of COVID-19 as An Example

作　　者：王璐 WANG Lu

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学法学院

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期108-118,共11页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21VGQ007)。

摘　　要：传统中医药在新冠肺炎治疗中发挥了重要作用。而在传统医药的商业价值不断被发现的进程中,生物盗版行为越演越烈。传统医药与现代知识产权制度的特性存在着内在的冲突,大部分传统医药无法适用知识产权保护。《生物多样性公约》为各国确立了遗传资源权,许多无法适用知识产权的传统医药可成为遗传资源权的客体。为实现传统医药全面保护的同时促进医药遗传资源的可持续利用,知识产权与遗传资源权博弈合作是有效途径。明确遗传资源权的在先权利地位,实现知识产权与遗传资源权博弈之间的实质正义,以在先权利为基础强化来源披露和知情同意制度,基于遗传资源权复合权利主体构建惠益分享,以国家公权力实现传统医药利用的后续跟踪保障,实现传统医药的有效保护。Traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the treatment of COVID-19.While the commercial value of traditional medicine is constantly being discovered,biological piracy is becoming more and more intense.There is an inherent conflict between traditional medicine and the characteristics of the modern intellectual property system,and most traditional medicines cannot be protected by intellectual property rights.The Convention on Biological Diversity establishes the right to genetic resources for all countries,and many traditional medicines that cannot be covered by intellectual property rights can become the object of the right to genetic resources.In order to realize the comprehensive protection of traditional medicine and promote the sustainable utilization of medical genetic resources,the game cooperation between intellectual property rights and genetic resources rights is an effective way.We should clarify the status of prior rights of genetic resource rights,on which strengthened source disclosure and informed consent systems are based,in order to realize substantive justice between intellectual property rights and genetic resource rights.Besides,we should build benefit-sharing system based on the composite rights of genetic resources rights,and through the state's public power,we will build up the follow-up guarantee of the utilization of traditional medicine and thus realize the effective protection of traditional medicine.

关 键 词：中医药 新冠肺炎防治 传统医药 知识产权 遗传资源权 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]