行星齿轮架中空多向锻造工艺及模具设计  

Multi direction forging process and die design of hollow planetary carrier

作　　者：刘乐 殷银银 金宏 关悦 郑鹏辉 万志慧 LIU Le;YIN Yinyin;JIN Hong;GUAN Yue;ZHENG Penghui;WANG Zhihui(Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fastening Technology,Xinyang 464000,CHN;Henan Aerospace Precision Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Xinyang 464000,CHN)

机构地区：[1]河南省紧固连接技术重点实验室,河南信阳464000 [2]河南航天精工制造有限公司,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2022年第6期140-146,共7页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：“高档数控机床与基础制造装备”科技重大专项资助项目(2013ZX04002081)。

摘　　要：行星齿轮架是行星减速器内受力最大的零件,必须具有足够的强度和刚度,起到均匀分配行星齿轮载荷和传输全部功率到轴的作用。目前多采用圆棒料车削加工和分体焊接的方式生产,但是其加工效率低、成本高,特别是端部圆周方向4个方孔加工难度很大。以某型号行星齿轮架为研究对象,针对现有加工工艺成本高、效率低的问题,提出一种新的中空多向锻造工艺,以提高效率、降低成本。根据该行星齿轮架的结构特点,制定中空多向锻造工艺,利用Deform-3D对成形过程进行了有限元模拟分析,分析了金属流动规律、等效应力分布和载荷-时间曲线等,最后根据模拟结果设计相应模具结构并进行工艺试验。结果表明,在行星齿轮架多向分流成形过程中,金属流动较为平稳,最大载荷为5.94×10^(6) N,模具在许用应力范围之内,金属流线基本沿零件轮廓分布,工艺试验得到的锻件尺寸满足设计要求。说明本文设计的行星齿轮架中空多向锻造工艺和模具结构可行,对该类零件的批量生产具有一定的指导作用。The planetary carrier is the most stressed part in the planetary reducer.It must have sufficient strength and stiffness to evenly distribute the planetary gear load and transmit all power to the shaft.At present,it is mostly produced by round bar turning and split welding,but its processing efficiency is low and the cost is high.It is very difficult to process the four square holes in the circumferential direction of the end.In this paper,a new hollow multidirectional forging process is proposed to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost.According to the structural characteristics of the planetary carrier,the hollow multidirectional forging process is formulated,the forming process is simulated and analyzed by DEFORM-3D,and the metal flow law,equivalent stress distribution and load-time curve are analyzed.Finally,the corresponding die structure is designed and the process test is carried out according to the simulation results.The results show that in the multi-directional split forming process of planetary carrier,the metal flow is relatively stable,the maximum load is 5.94×10^(6) N,the die is within the allowable stress range,the metal streamline is basically distributed along the contour of the part,and the forging size obtained from the process test meets the design requirements.It shows that the hollow multi-directional forging process and die structure of planetary gear carrier designed in this paper are feasible,which plays a certain guiding role in the mass production of this kind of parts.

关 键 词：行星齿轮架 中空多向锻造 数值模拟 工艺试验 

分 类 号：TG314.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]