千岛湖流域主要土地利用方式氮收支平衡特征  

Nitrogen budget balance characteristics of main landuse types in Qiandao Lake Basin

作　　者：韩轶才 李恒鹏[2] 刘明亮 盛海燕 刁亚芹 李鹏程[2] 艾柯代·艾斯凯尔 HAN Yicai;LI Hengpeng;LIU Mingliang;SHENG Haiyan;DIAO Yaqin;LI Pengcheng;Akida·Askar(Hangzhou Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310014;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008)

机构地区：[1]杭州市生态环境科学研究院,浙江杭州310014 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,流域地理学重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2022年第5期682-686,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：杭州市科技发展计划农业与社会发展科研主动设计项目(No.20180417A06);中国科学院湖泊环境治理与生态修复工程实验室研发项目(No.KFJ-PTXM-021)。

摘　　要：分析流域不同土地利用方式氮收支平衡特征是了解土地利用方式对土壤氮平衡的影响和水环境保护的重要依据。以千岛湖流域为研究区,采用农户调查、土壤氮测定、文献调研等方法,评估不同土地利用方式氮收支平衡及差异。结果表明:各土地利用方式氮输入量表现为菜地>桑园>水田>茶果园(茶园、柑橘园、山核桃园)≈旱地>混交林>毛竹林≈马尾松林,耕地和园地均为施肥的氮输入量最高。各种土地利用方式氮输出量总体上表现为菜地>水田>桑园>山核桃园>茶园>旱地>柑橘园>混交林>毛竹林>马尾松林。总体上各种土地利用方式氮盈余及环境风险为菜地>桑园>茶园>柑橘园>旱地>水田>山核桃园>马尾松林>混交林>毛竹林,菜地是氮高输入、高输出的典型土地利用方式;其次是桑园,受高输入量的影响;茶园、柑橘园的氮盈余量较高,水田虽然氮的输入量比较高,但是也是利用率高的类型,盈余量低于旱地;自然林地几乎没有施肥或很少施肥,输入输出都比较少。Analyzing the nitrogen budget balance characteristics of different landuse types in the watershed is an important basis for understanding the impact of landuse types on soil nitrogen balance and water environment protection.Taking Qiandao Lake Basin as the study area,the farmer survey,soil nitrogen determination,literature research and other methods were used to evaluate the nitrogen budget balance and difference of different landuse types.The results showed that the nitrogen input of each landuse type was vegetable field>mulberry garden>paddy field>tea and fruit orchard(tea garden,citrus orchard,hickory orchard)≈dry land>mixed forest>bamboo forest≈masson pine forest,the nitrogen input of arable land and garden fertilization was the highest.The nitrogen output of various landuse type was generally represented as vegetable field>paddy field>mulberry garden>hickory orchard>tea garden>dry land>citrus orchard>mixed forest>bamboo forest>masson pine forest.In general,the nitrogen surplus and environmental risk of various landuse were vegetable field>mulberry garden>tea garden>citrus orchard>dry land>paddy field>hickory orchard>masson pine forest>mixed forest>bamboo forest.Vegetable field was a typical landuse type with high nitrogen input and high nitrogen output;followed by mulberry orchard,which were affected by high nitrogen input;tea garden and citrus orchard had a high nitrogen surplus,and paddy field had high nitrogen input,but its utilization rate was also high,the surplus was lower than that of dry land;natural forest had little or no fertilization,both input and output of nitrogen were relatively low.

关 键 词：千岛湖流域 土地利用方式 氮平衡 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]