论行政公益诉讼举证责任分配规则  

Rules for the Allocation of Burden of Proof in Administrative Public Interest Litigation

作　　者：王春业[1] WANG Chunye

机构地区：[1]河海大学法学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期5-18,124,共15页Journal of Jianghan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省社科基金项目“国家治理现代化视域下检察公益诉讼制度完善研究”(21FXD002)。

摘　　要：相关法律及司法解释没有对行政公益诉讼举证责任分配问题作出专门规定,而实践中也存在各地做法不一、缺乏统一标准的现象。由于行政公益诉讼在提起主体、案件类型、前置程序等方面具有自己特色,普通行政诉讼举证责任分配规则难以适应行政公益诉讼的需要,必须构建独立的行政公益举证责任分配规则。要从有利于促进行政机关依法行政、有利于检察机关提起行政公益诉讼、有利于构建双方在诉讼中平等法律地位、有利于法院查清案件事实以及与普通行政诉讼举证责任分配规则相衔接的角度来考量举证责任分配规则构建问题,在检察机关、行政机关及其他当事人之间合理分配举证责任。Since current laws and judicial interpretations in China have not yet made specific regulations for the allocation of the burden of proof in administrative public interest litigation,relevant practices vary in different regions without a universal standard.As administrative public interest litigation has its own features in terms of the subject of litigation,the type of the case,prepositional procedure,and other aspects,rules for the allocation of burden of proof in ordinary administrative litigation can hardly meet the demands of administrative public interest litigation.Thus,it is necessary to establish an independent regulation for the allocation of burden of proof in administrative public interest litigation.The establishment of the regulation should take into consideration the following five aspects:conducive to promoting the law-based administration of executive branches;conducive to filing administrative public interest litigation by the procuratorial department;conducive to constructing an equal juridical status for both parties in the litigation;conducive to clarifying the facts of the case by the court;and conducive to the coherence with the regulation for distributing the burden of proof in ordinary administrative litigation.The burden of proof should be reasonably distributed among the procuratorial department,the executive branch,and other parties.

关 键 词：举证责任分配规则 行政公益诉讼 公共利益 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]