基于有机肥/生物有机肥和菌剂的化学氮肥减施技术在大蒜上的应用  

Application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction technology based on organic fertilizer/bio-organic fertilizer and 1,2

作　　者：华智超 汪甜 贾晟楠 任东军 丁桂红 辛丽 王纪忠 高淼[2] HUA Zhi-chao;WANG Tian;JIA Sheng-nan;REN Dong-jun;DING Gui-hong;XIN Li;WANG Ji-zhong;GAO Miao(College of Life Science and Food Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huaian Jiangsu 223003;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081;Agricultural and Rural Office of Shouxian Town,Fengxian County,Jiangsu Province,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221700;Shandong Maria Agricultural Machinery Co.Ltd.,Jinxiang Shandong 272200)

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院生命科学与食品工程学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业农村部农业微生物资源收集与保藏重点实验室,北京100081 [3]江苏省丰县首羡镇农业农村办公室,江苏徐州221700 [4]山东省玛丽亚农业机械股份有限公司,山东金乡272200

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第4期178-183,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870004);国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0201203);中央级公益性科研所专项资金资助项目(1610132021011)。

摘　　要：在中国出口大蒜主产区山东省济宁市金乡县王丕镇玛丽亚大蒜种植基地连续种植25年的大蒜田,分别研究化学氮肥减施30%、化学氮肥减施30%结合有机肥和菌剂组合技术、化学氮肥减施30%结合生物有机肥和菌剂组合技术对大蒜生长、产量和品质的影响。结果显示:与常规施肥对照相比,化学氮肥减施30%可导致大蒜长势、蒜头产量和部分品质降低;化学氮肥减施30%结合有机肥和菌剂组合技术可以维持大蒜长势和蒜头产量,并提高大蒜品质;化学氮肥减施30%结合生物有机肥和菌剂组合技术可以显著提高大蒜长势、蒜头产量和大蒜品质。可见,基于生物有机肥和菌剂的化学氮肥减施技术是适合中国出口大蒜主产区连作大蒜的减肥增效技术。In the Maria gorlic germplasm base of Wangpi Town,Jinxiang County,Jining City,Shandong Province,the main garlic exporting area in China,garlic fields have been cultivated for 25 years.The effect of 30%reduction of chemical nitrogen fertilizer application,30%reduction combined with organic fertilizer/bio-organic fertilizer and inoculants combination technology on garlic growth,yield and quality was investigated.The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization,30%reduction in chemical nitrogen fertilizer application resulted in the decrease of garlic growth,garlic yield and partial qualities;30%reduction in chemical nitrogen application combined with organic fertilizer and inoculants combination technology maintained garlic growth and garlic yield and improved garlic quality;30%reduction in chemical nitrogen fertilizer application combined with bioorganic fertilizer and inoculants combination technology significantly improved garlic growth,garlic yield and garlic quality.It can be seen that the chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction technology combined with bio-organic fertilizer and inoculants is a fertilizer-reduction and efficiency-increasing technology which is suitable for continuous cropping garlic in Chinese main garlic producing areas.

关 键 词：化学氮肥减施 有机肥 生物有机肥 菌剂 大蒜 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]