贵州坡岗喀斯特森林自然保护区红外相机兽类和鸟类监测及活动节律分析  

Camera-trapping survey and activity pattern analysis on mammals and birds in Pogang Karst Forest Nature Reserve, Guizhou Province, China

作　　者：杨光美 李佳琦 张明明[1,2] 胡灿实 粟海军[1,2] YANG Guangmei;LI Jiaqi;ZHANG Mingming;HU Canshi;SU Haijun(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Research Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecological Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [4]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《兽类学报》2022年第3期325-338,共14页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：生态环境部生物多样性保护专项(2110404);贵州省林业科研课题(黔林科合J字[2020]07号);国家自然科学基金(32060307)。

摘　　要：本研究于2017—2020年利用红外相机对贵州兴义坡岗喀斯特森林自然保护区的兽类和鸟类进行了连续4年的监测,分析了保护区内兽类和鸟类物种组成多样性及主要地栖性物种的活动节律。本次调查共记录到兽类和鸟类物种数共72种,其中兽类13种,隶属于4目7科;鸟类59种,隶属于6目18科。国家一级重点保护野生动物有黑颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus humiae)和小灵猫(Viverricula indica);国家二级重点保护野生动物有白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)、红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)、猕猴(Macaca mulatta)、斑林狸(Prionodon pardicolor)、豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)等13种。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高的区域为保护区的核心区(H=2.76)。活动节律分析表明,白腹锦鸡为昼行性动物,花面狸(Paguma larvata)、鼬獾(Melogale moschata)等为典型的夜行性动物。白腹锦鸡和鼬獾日活动节律呈双峰趋势,花面狸和豹猫呈单峰型。本次监测结果可为进一步加强喀斯特森林鸟兽物种保护管理和生态学研究提供基础。From 2017 to 2020, we used infrared cameras to monitor birds and mammals for four consecutive years in the Pogang Karst Nature Reserve, Guizhou Province, and analyzed species diversity and activity patterns of the main terrestrial mammals and birds. A total of 72 species of mammals and birds were recorded, including 13 mammals, belonging to 4 orders and 7 families, and 59 birds, belonging to 6 orders and 18 families. Among them, Syrmaticus humiae and Viverricula indica are listed in the CategoryⅠof State Protected species in China;and 13 species, including Lophura nycthemera, Chrysolophus amherstiae, Leiothrix lutea, Macaca mulatta, Prionodon pardicolor, and Prionailurus bengalensis, are listed in the CategoryⅡof State Protected species in China. The highest Shannon–Wiener index was in the core area of the reserve(H = 2. 76). Activity pattern analysis showed that Chrysolophus amherstiae is a diurnal animal, and Paguma larvata and Melogale moschata are typical nocturnal animals. In addition, the daily activity pattern of Chrysolophus amherstiae and Melogale moschata showed a bimodal trend, while the Prionailurus bengalensis and Paguma larvata showed a unimodal pattern. The results can provide a basis for further strengthening conservation management and ecological research on birds and mammals in the Karst region.

关 键 词：红外相机技术 鸟兽编目 日活动节律 喀斯特森林 贵州坡岗自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.2[生物学—动物学]