High Performance Electrically Small Huygens Rectennas Enable Wirelessly Powered Internet of Things Sensing Applications:A Review  

作　　者：Wei Lin Richard W.Ziolkowski 

机构地区：[1]Global Big Data Technologies Centre,School of Electrical and Data Engineering,University of Technology Sydney,Ultimo,NSW 2007,Australia

出　　处：《Engineering》2022年第4期42-59,共18页工程（英文）

基　　金：supported by the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Fellowship (PRO18-6147);Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) (PRO20-9959)

摘　　要：Far-field wireless power transfer(WPT)is a major breakthrough technology that will enable the many anticipated ubiquitous Internet of Things(IoT)applications associated with fifth generation(5G),sixth generation(6G),and beyond wireless ecosystems.Rectennas,which are the combination of rectifying circuits and antennas,are the most critical components in far-field WPT systems.However,compact application devices require even smaller integrated rectennas that simultaneously have large electromagnetic wave capture capabilities,high alternating current(AC)-to-direct current(DC)(AC-to-DC)conversion efficiencies,and facilitate a multifunctional wireless performance.This paper reviews various rectenna miniaturization techniques such as meandered planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA)rectennas;miniaturized monopole-and dipole-based rectennas;fractal loop and patch rectennas;dielectric-loaded rectennas;and electrically small near-field resonant parasitic rectennas.Their performance characteristics are summarized and then compared with our previously developed electrically small Huygens rectennas that are proven to be more suitable for IoT applications.They have been tailored,for example,to achieve batteryfree IoT sensors as is demonstrated in this paper.Battery-free,wirelessly powered devices are smaller and lighter in weight in comparison to battery-powered devices.Moreover,they are environmentally friendly and,hence,have a significant societal benefit.A series of high-performance electrically small Huygens rectennas are presented including Huygens linearly-polarized(HLP)and circularly-polarized(HCP)rectennas;wirelessly powered IoT sensors based on these designs;and a dual-functional HLP rectenna and antenna system.Finally,two linear uniform HLP rectenna array systems are considered for significantly larger wireless power capture.Example arrays illustrate how they can be integrated advantageously with DC or radio frequency(RF)power-combining schemes for practical IoT applications.

关 键 词：ANTENNA Array Cardioid pattern Electrically small antenna Huygens dipole antenna Internet of Things(IoT) RECTENNA Rectifier circuit Wireless power transfer 

分 类 号：TM724[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]