PAM和PG对土壤入渗及坡面产沙的调控效应  

Regulatory Effects of PAM and PG on Soil Infiltration and Sand Slope Sediment Yield

作　　者：侯礼婷 焦爱萍 申震洲[3] 段喜明[4] 陈诚[1,2] HOU Liting;JIAO Aiping;SHEN Zhenzhou;DUAN Ximing;CHEN Cheng(Henan Engineering Research Center of Eco-Hydraulic for Small Watershed,Kaifeng 475000,China;Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute,Kaifeng 475000,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省小流域生态水利工程技术研究中心,河南开封475000 [2]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475000 [3]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [4]山西农业大学,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《人民黄河》2022年第6期116-120,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050403);2021年度河南省水利科技攻关计划项目(GG202178);2021年度河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A570005)。

摘　　要：近年来对PAM等高分子材料阻控侵蚀产沙功能的研究日益得到重视,其对丰富水土流失治理基础理论和促进水土保持技术发展具有重要意义。基于野外人工模拟降雨试验,研究了高分子材料PAM和PG对黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤入渗、坡面产沙的调控效应。研究结果表明:在5°、10°、15°黄土坡面上施用PAM、PG可以提高土壤入渗率并缩短达到相对稳渗的时间、减少坡面产沙量,即对入渗、产沙过程均有一定的调节作用;在施用PAM和PG的各种处理中,PAM施用量为2 g/m^(2)的增渗效果最为明显,PAM施用量为2 g/m^(2)和PG施用量为200 g/m^(2)的减沙效果较明显,但在5°和15°坡面上PG施用量为200 g/m^(2)时反而降低了土壤入渗率,这一现象值得进一步研究;施用PAM、PG后没有改变土壤入渗率随降雨历时的变化规律和产沙量对径流量增加的响应规律,土壤入渗率与降雨历时呈二次多项式关系,产沙量随径流量增加呈幂函数增加。In recent years,the researches on the function of PAM and other polymer materials to prevent erosion and sediment yields have been paid more attention,which is of great significance for enriching the basic theories of soil erosion control and developing soil and water conservation technology.The effects of PAM and PG on soil infiltration and sediment yield in gullied rolling loess area were investigated based on artificial simulated rainfall experiments.The results show that the application of PAM and PG on 5°,10°and 15°loess slopes can improve infiltration rate,shorten the time to achieve relatively stable infiltration,and reduce the sediment yield on slopes,meaning that they have certain regulating effects on infiltration and sediment yield process.Among the treatments of PAM and PG,the infiltration is increased the most when the PAM application rate is 2 g/m^(2),and when the application rate of PAM and PG is 2 g/m^(2)and 200 g/m^(2),respectively,the sand decreases the most.However,when application rate of PG is 200 g/m^(2)on 5°and 15°slopes,the soil infiltrate rate is decreased,which is worthy of further study.The application of PAM and PG does not change the law of infiltration rate with rainfall duration and response of sediment yield to increase in runoff.The relationship between infiltration rates with rainfall duration is quadratic polynomial,and the sediment yield is a power function with the increase runoff.

关 键 词：高分子材料 PAM PG 土壤入渗 坡面产沙 黄土坡面 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]