球孢白僵菌BB-T02生物学特性及对两种检疫性粉蚧的侵染活性  

Biological Characteristics and Infection Activity of Beauveria bassiana BB-T02 against Two Quarantine Mealybugs

作　　者：黄鹏[1] 姚锦爱[1] 余德亿[1] 侯翔宇 HUANG Peng;YAO Jinai;YU Deyi;HOU Xiangyu(Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management/Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/福建省作物有害生物绿色防控工程研究中心,福州350013

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2022年第2期342-348,共7页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R1024004);福建省农业科学院项目(CXTD2021005-2)。

摘　　要：南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧是近年我国新记录的两种检疫性有害生物,目前分别在福建省的番荔枝果园和多肉植物种植基地发生为害严重。为明确球孢白僵菌BB-T02对这2种检疫性粉蚧的生防潜力,本研究在该菌株生物学特性的基础上,测定该菌株对两种检疫性粉蚧的致病力和胞外酶活性。结果表明,球孢白僵菌BB-T02培养最适的温度为28℃、光周期8L:16D、碳源为麦芽糖、氮源为蛋白胨,在此条件下培养10 d菌落直径和产孢量分别可达5.60 cm和4.22×10^(8)孢子/cm^(2)。菌株BB-T02侵染南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧10 d后的LC50分别为5.00×10^(5)孢子/mL和2.17×10^(5)孢子/mL,1.00×10^(8)孢子/mL处理的累计致死率分别为85.39%和88.76%、LT50分别为5.78 d和5.19 d。菌株BB-T02蛋白酶活性的变化幅度较大,在第5 d达峰值22.68 U/mL;几丁质酶和脂肪酶活性的变化幅度相对平稳,均在第6 d分别达到峰值13.19 U/mL和9.77 U/mL。综上,球孢白僵菌BB-T02生长速度快、产孢量高,对南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧的侵染活性强,可用于这两种检疫性粉蚧的生物防治。Planococcus lilacinus and Phenacoccus solani are two newly recorded quarantine pest in China.These two pests have posed serious damages in sugar apple orchards and succulent plants in Fujian Province.In this study,we assayed the biological characteristics,pathogenicity,and extracellular enzyme activity of Beauveria bassiana BB-T02 against P.lilacinus and P.solani for evaluation of the biocontrol potential of the strain against the two quarantine mealybugs.Results showed that the optimal culture conditions for strain BB-T02 growth and sporulation were 28℃,8L:16D photoperiod,maltose as carbon source,and peptone as nitrogen source.With these conditions,the colony diameter and sporulation of the strain reached 5.60 cm and 4.22×10^(8) conidia/cm^(2),respectively,after ten days cultivation.When P.lilacinus and P.solani were infected with the strain for ten days,the LC50 values of the strain were 5.00×10^(5) conidia/mL and 2.17×10^(5) conidia/mL,respectively,and the cumulative mortalities were 85.39%and 88.76%,respectively,and the LT50 values were 5.78 d and 5.19 d,respectively,for the 1×10^(8) conidia/mL treatment.The protease activity of the strain varied greatly,with a peak value of 22.68 U/mL on the fifth day post infection.The activities of chitinase and lipase were relatively stable,with peak values of 13.19 U/mL and 9.77 U/mL on sixth day post infection,respectively.In conclusion,with fast growth,high sporulation,and strong infection activity against P.lilacinus and P.solani,B.bassiana BB-T02 shows an excellent potential in biological control of these two quarantine mealybugs.

关 键 词：球孢白僵菌 生物学特性 南洋臀纹粉蚧 石蒜绵粉蚧 侵染活性 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.1[农业科学—植物保护]