高温高压下单质炸药结构演化的研究进展  

Progress in Structural Evolution of Explosives under High⁃temperature and High⁃pressure

作　　者：邓志颖 王毅[1] 齐广宇 张庆华[1] DENG Zhi-ying;WANG Yi;QI Guang-yu;ZHANG Qing-hua(Institute of Chemical Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第6期622-638,共17页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院院长基金资助(YZJJLX2019006);国家自然科学基金资助(22075259)。

摘　　要：炸药的安全性能和起爆过程与其在高温高压下的行为密切相关,开展炸药的高温高压研究对于深入理解其安全本质及起爆性能意义重大。本文综述了12种单质炸药的高温高压结构演化研究结果,主要包括以环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)和环四亚甲基四硝胺(HMX)为代表的硝胺类炸药,以季戊四醇四硝酸酯(PETN)、2,4,6⁃三硝基甲苯(TNT)为代表的经典硝酸酯基、硝基类炸药以及以2,6⁃二氨基⁃3,5⁃二硝基吡嗪⁃1⁃氧化物(LLM⁃105)和1,1′⁃二羟基⁃5,5′⁃联四唑二羟胺盐(TKX⁃50)为代表的新型高能低感炸药等,详细总结了这些炸药在高温高压作用下的相变过程,并对比了不同研究者关于同种材料研究结果的异同,为开展新型单质炸药的高温高压研究提供一定参考。The safety performance and initiation process of explosives are closely related to their high⁃temperature and high⁃pressure behavior.Therefore,it is of great significance to study explosives under high⁃temperature and high⁃pressure thus understanding their safety and initiation performance in depth.The structural evolution of twelve explosives under high⁃temperature and high⁃pressure is reviewed,including common nitroamine⁃based explosives represented by RDX and HMX,common nitroester⁃based explosives represented by PETN,nitro⁃based explosives represented by TNT,and new high⁃energy and low⁃sensitivity explosives represented by LLM⁃105 and TKX⁃50.The phase transformation processes of these explosives under high⁃temperature and high⁃pressure are summarized in detail,and the similarities and differences of the research results from dif⁃ferent research teams on the same material are compared.This review provides a strong basis for the studies of structural evolu⁃tion of explosives under high⁃temperature and high⁃pressure.

关 键 词：炸药 高温高压 结构演化 相变 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]