一种蛛网启发的农田无线传感器网络寿命优化方法  

Spider-web-inspired lifetime optimization method of farmland wireless sensor networks

作　　者：杜壮壮 王俊 贺智涛 高颂 DU Zhuangzhuang;WANG Jun;HE Zhitao;GAO Song(School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农业装备工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2022年第12期55-61,共7页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61771184);河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划(20HASTIT029)。

摘　　要：农田无线传感器网络部署范围广、节点众多,不同区域内节点能量消耗速率存在显著差异,承担较多信息转发任务的内层节点易过早死亡,导致拓扑连通度快速下降、网络生存时间过短。受自然界中的圆形蛛网抗毁结构启发,文中提出一种基于流量概率分配机制与负载容量分层模型的农田无线传感器网络寿命优化方法。该方法利用通信节点选择的概率随机化与节点初始能量的分层差异化提升网络存活时间。仿真结果表明:流量概率分配机制可在节点受损时动态调度网络流量,含调节系数的负载容量分层模型有助于延长网络寿命;当调节系数大于等于30时,网络仿真轮数和网络效率比改善显著;此外,对于每层随机破坏2个节点试验,当调节系数由0增加到40时,第1层~5层仿真轮数分别增加48.9%,37.6%,39.75%,38.9%,22.1%,网络效率比分别增加19.1%,24.7%,23.6%,23%,50%;与其他算法相比,选择性失效和随机性失效条件下,文中方法均能更合理地调度网络流量,均衡内外层节点的能量消耗,最大程度提升网络寿命。The farmland wireless sensor networks have a wide deployment range and many nodes. There are significant differences in the energy consumption rate of nodes in different regions. The inner-layer nodes undertaking more information forwarding tasks are easy to die prematurely,resulting in the rapid decline of topology connectivity and the shorter network survival time. A lifetime optimization method based on flow probability distribution mechanism and load capacity hierarchical model is proposed for farmland wireless sensor networks by the inspiration of the spider-web destroy-resistant structure in nature.In this method,the network lifetime can be improved by means of the probability randomization selected by the communication node and the hierarchical differentiation of primary energy of nodes. The simulation results prove that the flow probability distribution mechanism can dynamically schedule network flow while nodes are damaged,and the load capacity hierarchical model containing an adjustment coefficient is helpful in prolonging the network lifetime. The network simulation rounds and network efficiency ratio are significantly improved when the adjustment coefficient ≥ 30. In the two-node random destruction test for each layer,when the adjustment factor is increased from 0 to 40,the number of simulation rounds from layer 1 to layer 5 in the network are increased by 48.9%,37.6%,39.75%,38.9% and 22.1% respectively,and the network efficiency ratio are increased by 19.1%,24.7%,23.6%,23% and 50% respectively. In comparison with other algorithms,under the conditions of selective failure and random failure,this method can reasonably schedule network flow,balance the energy consumption of nodes in the inner and outer layers,and improve the network lifetime to the most extend.

关 键 词：农田无线传感器网络 网络寿命 流量分配 网络流量调度 负载容量分层模型 网络评价 能耗均衡 仿真结果分析 

分 类 号：TN915-34[电子电信—通信与信息系统] S24[电子电信—信息与通信工程]