基于LoRa技术的森林环境因子数据采集平台  

LoRa technology based data acquisition platform for forest environmental factors

作　　者：李玉珂 杨楚峤 王晓[2] 张海燕[1] 许福[1] 陈志泊[1] LI Yuke;YANG Chuqiao;WANG Xiao;ZHANG Haiyan;XU Fu;CHEN Zhibo(School of Information,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学信息学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院自动化研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2022年第12期67-74,共8页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(BLX201922);国家自然科学基金项目(61772078);北京市重点研发计划项目(D171100001817003)。

摘　　要：针对以往人工采集数据耗时耗力,有线传感技术范围有限、布局困难,基于ZigBee、WiFi、蓝牙技术的传统采集方式传输距离短、易受干扰等问题,文中提出一种基于LoRa技术的森林环境因子数据采集平台,利用LoRa技术功耗低、传输距离远、穿透力强的优势来扩大采集范围。该平台包括终端节点的温湿度传感器、光敏电阻传感器、烟雾浓度传感器等模块,以及终端节点和接收端的LoRa模块、PC端显示。首先,利用终端节点搭载的各类传感器采集相关森林环境因子数据;然后,通过串口通信将数据发送给终端节点上的LoRa模块;其次,LoRa模块之间进行透明传输,发送端将采集的数据发送给接收端;最后,接收端将数据通过串口调试助手显示在屏幕上。实验结果表明,所提平台可以在复杂的森林环境下顺利采集空气中温度、湿度、可燃气体浓度等环境因子数据,并且能够借助LoRa技术的优势来保证数据传输的精准性与可靠性。基于LoRa技术搭建的森林因子数据平台相比传统的物联网信息采集平台覆盖的范围更大,可以显著降低设备成本,有效减少终端电池及设备的人力物力,且具备较强的穿透力,可实现数据完整、精准的传输。In allusion to the problems that the manual data collection is time-consuming and labor-intensive,the wired sensor technology has limited range and difficult layout,and the traditional collection methods based on ZigBee,WiFi and Bluetooth have short-distance transmission and are vulnerable to interference,a LoRa technology based data acquisition platform for forest environment factors is proposed,which expands the data acquisition scope by means of LoRa technology with the advantages of low-power consumption,long-distance transmission and strong penetration. This platform includes the sensor modules( temperature-humidity sensor,photosensitive resistance sensor and smoke concentration sensor modules)on terminal node,LoRa module at the terminal node and the receiving end,and display at the PC end. Various sensors carried on the terminal node are used to collect data of relevant forest environmental factors,the collected data are sent to LoRa module on the terminal node by means of serial port communication, and then the transparent transmission between LoRa modules is conducted. The collected data is sent to the receiving end by transmitting end,and then displayed on the screen by means of the serial debugging assistant. The experimental results show that the proposed platform can successfully collect environmental factor data such as temperature,humidity and combustible gas concentration in the air in a complex forest environment,and can guarantee the accuracy and reliability of data transmission by means of the advantage of LoRa technology. In comparison with the traditional Internet of Things information acquisition platform,the forest factor data platform based on LoRa technology can cover a wider range,reduce equipment cost significantly,reduce manpower and material resources of terminal batteries and equipment effectively,and has strong penetrating power,so it can realize the complete and accurate transmission of data.

关 键 词：森林环境因子 数据采集 平台设计 物联网技术 串口通信 数据传输 实验分析 

分 类 号：TN92-34[电子电信—通信与信息系统] S778[电子电信—信息与通信工程]