高耸构筑物采动变形特征与地基精准注浆加固机理  

Deformation characteristics of high-rise structures due to coal miningand their precise grouting reinforcement mechanisms

作　　者：郭文兵[1,2] 赵高博 杨伟强 焦轶恒 马志宝 陈新明 GUO Wenbing;ZHAO Gaobo;YANG Weiqiang;JIAO Yiheng;MA Zhibao;CHEN Xinming(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China;Synergism Innovative Center of Coal Safety Production in Henan Province,Jiaozuo 454000,China;School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]煤炭安全生产河南省协同创新中心,河南焦作454003 [3]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第5期1908-1920,共13页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(U21A20108,U1810203);中原科技创新领军人才资助项目(224200510012)。

摘　　要：高耸构筑物与一般建筑物不同,对地表移动变形量的响应与敏感性具有显著的特殊性。通过理论分析、数值模拟与工程实例应用等方法研究了高耸构筑物采动变形特征与保护技术。阐述了地表高耸构筑物采动变形特征的特殊性,并以高压输电线路铁塔为例,采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法,系统分析了地表下沉、水平移动、曲率、倾斜、水平变形对高耸构筑物采动变形的影响:地表倾斜导致铁塔屈服主要是由于塔基处轴向压应力达到其最大值,而拉伸(压缩)变形导致铁塔屈服主要是由于塔基处轴向拉(压)应力达到其最大值;基于高耸构筑物采动变形特征,提出并实施了高耸构筑物地基精准注浆加固技术,并通过理论分析揭示了地基精准注浆加固机理,得出基于地基下沉量的精准注浆压力理论公式;系统分析了精准注浆加固作用:注浆加固作用提高强度、注浆充填作用补偿下沉与注浆调斜作用矫正角度(倾斜);凝练出基于地基“下沉量-注浆压力”的高耸构筑物地基精准注浆加固技术核心内容,包括注浆依据、注浆时机、注浆位置、注浆作用与注浆机理;并在白坪煤矿广播电视信号铁塔下采煤进行了应用验证,研究结果表明:应用高耸构筑物地基精准注浆加固技术后,广播电视信号铁塔基础最大变形量(1.6~4.8 mm/m)小于《建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范》中的极限变形量(5.0 mm/m),有效保护了该广播电视信号铁塔,验证了高耸构筑物地基精准注浆加固技术的合理性,对煤矿绿色开采、提高煤炭资源采出率、预防或减轻高耸构筑物采动损害、丰富和发展现有采动区建(构)筑物保护理论等具有重要理论与实际意义。Different from the general buildings,the response and sensitivity of high-rise structures to the surface movement and deformation have significant particularities.Through theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and engineering application,this paper investigates the mining deformation characteristics and protection technology mechanisms of high-rise structures,and expounds the particularity of the mining deformation characteristics of the high-rise structures.Taking the high-voltage transmission line tower as an example,using the method of combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,the authors systematically analyzed the influence of surface subsidence,horizontal movement,curvature,slope,horizontal deformation on the high-rise structures.The ground slope causes the tower to yield mainly because the axial compressive stress at the tower base reaches its maximum,while the tensile(compressive)deformation causes the tower to yield mainly because the axial tensile(compressive)stress at the tower base reaches its maximum.Based on the mining deformation characteristics of high-rise structures,the paper put forward and applied the precise grouting reinforcement technology for high-rise structures.Through theoretical analysis,the mechanism of the precise grouting reinforcement was revealed,and the theoretical equation of precise grouting pressure based on surface subsidence was obtained.The effects of the technology were analyzed:grouting reinforcement to improve strength,grouting filling to compensate subsidence and grouting inclination adjustment to correct angle(slope).The core content of precise grouting reinforcement technology for high-rise structures based on“subsidence and grouting pressure”of foundation was summarized,including grouting basis,grouting time,grouting positions,grouting effects,and grouting mechanisms.The application verification was carried out under the radio and television signal tower of Baiping Coal Mine.The research results show that after the application of precise grouting

关 键 词：高耸构筑物 采动变形特征 精准注浆加固技术 注浆加固机理 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]