共情准确性研究30年:回顾与展望  

Thirty Years of Empathic Accuracy:Retrospect and Prospect

作　　者：潘晗希 郭杨 高齐 许楠 陈泽锋 吴静岚 陈芝韵 盛槿滺 任沁源[2] 高在峰[1] PAN Han-xi;GUO Yang;GAO Qi;XU Nan;CHEN Ze-feng;WU Jing-lan;CHEN Zhi-yun;SHENG Jin-you;REN Qin-yuan;GAO Zai-feng(Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310063,China;College of Control Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310013,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系 [2]浙江大学控制科学与工程学院

出　　处：《应用心理学》2022年第3期255-269,共15页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：浙江省自然基金重点项目(LZ20C090001);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31771202);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助。

摘　　要：1990年,心理学家William Ickes等人提出了共情准确性(empathic accuracy)的概念,强调个体准确推断、理解他人想法和感受的程度。三十年来,大量研究发现,在动态社会交互中共情准确性与个体的环境适应、人际交往等能力密切相关,因此其成为了共情领域的重要研究内容。本文首次系统总结了自共情准确性提出以来的相关研究,以期对该领域有全面的理解与把握,并启发后续研究。本文首先简述了共情准确性的由来与内在机制,并根据研究发展进程总结了共情准确性的三类主要测量方法,随后从共情者、共情对象和社会环境三个要素入手系统梳理了影响共情准确性的核心因素,最后展望了今后需重点关注的五个研究方向。In 1990,William Ickes et al.proposed the concept of empathic accuracy,emphasizing the role of individuals’accurate inference and understanding of others’thoughts and feelings.Over the thirty years,ample studies have found that empathic accuracy is closely related to individuals’environmental adaptation and interpersonal skills in dynamic social interaction.This crucial concept hence has become the focus of research in the field of empathy in the past 30 years.Here we systematically reviewed studies on empathic accuracy,in the hope of providing a comprehensive understanding of empathic accuracy.We first introduced the origin of empathic accuracy and the underlying mechanism of empathic accuracy,followed by a summary of the measuring methods of empathic accuracy.Then we pointed out the core factors affecting empathic accuracy from three aspects:the target person of empathy,the empathizer,and the social environment.Finally,we discussed five potential directions that deserve exploration in the future.

关 键 词：共情准确性 共情 双通路 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]