一株陕北野生桑黄菌的分离鉴定及固体培养基优化和药用成分含量检测  

Isolation and Identification of a Wild Sanghuang Strain in Northern Shaanxi,Optimization of Solid Medium and Determination of Medicinal Component Content

作　　者：王华[1] 聂蓓蓓 包立军 刘爽[1] 张敏娟[1] 苏超[1] Wang Hua;Nie Beibei;Bao Lijun;Liu Shuang;Zhang Minjuan;Su Chao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2022年第1期69-76,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;陕西省林业科学院科技创新计划专项(SXLK2020-0211);西北农林科技大学科技推广重点项目(XTG2018-29)。

摘　　要：桑黄是一种珍贵的大型药用真菌,包含纤孔菌属、针层孔菌属和嗜蓝孢孔菌属中的多个种。对采自陕西省榆林市桑树上的野生桑黄子实体进行组织分离、形态学鉴定和系统发育分析,证明分离的菌株属于桑黄类真菌粗毛纤孔菌(编号ZA-14)。采用单因素试验法对该真菌的培养特性进行研究,确定ZA-14菌丝生长的最适温度为28~30℃,最适pH为8~9,最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为酵母浸粉。采用平板培养法对固体培养基进行优化,确定在每100 mL PDA培养基中添加10 mL桑枝木屑煮出液即可显著促进菌丝生长,而玉米芯对菌丝生长起抑制作用。采用高效液相色谱法从ZA-14菌株人工栽培桑黄子实体中检测到hispolon、hispidin、原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷5种标志性药用成分,其中原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷含量显著高于一年生和多年生野生桑黄。Sanghuang is a precious and large medicinal fungus,including Inonotus,Phelinus and Fomitiporia.A fungal strain,named ZA-14,was isolated from wild fruit bodies collected from mulberry trees in Yulin City,Shaanxi Province.Morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis showed that ZA-14 strain was Inonotus hispidus.The single factor test method was used to study the culture characteristics of ZA-14 strain.The results showed that the optimum temperature for the strain ZA-14 was 28-30℃,the pH was 8-9,the best carbon source was soluble starch and the best nitrogen source was yeast extract powder.The plate culture method was used to optimize the solid medium,and it was determined that adding 10 mL of mulberry sawdust boiling liquid to 100 mL PDA medium could significantly promote the growth of mycelium,while the corn cobs inhibited the growth of mycelium.High performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the content of 5 iconic medicinal components including hispolon,hispidin,protocatechuic acid,ergosterol and adenosine,among which protocatechuic acid,ergosterol and adenosine contents were significantly higher than those of the annual and perennial wild Sanghuang.

关 键 词：桑树 桑黄 粗毛纤孔菌 培养特性 药用成分 

分 类 号：S759.81[农业科学—森林经理学] S886.9[农业科学—林学]