植物免疫诱导剂酰氨寡糖素对环境非靶标生物的毒性研究  

Study on Toxicity of Plant Immune Inducer Hetero-chitooligosaccharide to Environmental Non-target Organisms

作　　者：周欣欣 吴声敢[2] 王倬 焦思明 蓝帅 袁善奎 ZHOU Xinxin;WU Shenggan;WANG Zhuo;JIAO Siming;LAN Shuai;YUAN Shankui(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农药检定所,北京100125 [2]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,杭州310021 [3]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《现代农药》2022年第3期50-53,63,共5页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0311300)。

摘　　要：为明确植物免疫诱导剂酰氨寡糖素对4种环境非靶标生物的毒性风险,本文参照GB/T 31270—2014《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》中的3种方法,即饲喂法(鸟类、蜜蜂经口)、半静态法(鱼类)和静态法(溞类),分别评估了95%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐原药(TC)和7.5%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐可溶液剂(SL)对4种环境非靶标生物的急性毒性。结果表明,在限度试验下,供试物对非靶标生物均表现为低毒,且非靶标生物均未出现死亡。其中,95%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐TC和7.5%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐SL对日本鹌鹑的7 d半致死剂量(7 d-LD_(50))分别为>2.24×10^(3) mg a.i./kg和>762.6 mg a.i./kg;对意大利蜜蜂的48 h-LD_(50)值分别为>130μg a.i./蜂和>118μg a.i./蜂;对斑马鱼的96 h半致死浓度(96 h-LC_(50))分别为>168 mg a.i./L和>150 mg a.i./L;对大型溞的48 h半数有效浓度(48 h-EC_(50))分别为>224 mg a.i./L和>152 mg a.i./L。以上结果说明,95%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐TC和7.5%酰氨寡糖素醋酸盐SL对上述4种非靶标生物安全。本研究结果可为合理应用酰氨寡糖素提供参考。To identify toxic risks of plant immune inducers hetero-chitooligosaccharide to four environmental non-target organisms,we evaluated the acute toxicity effects of 95%hetero-chitooligosaccharide acetate TC and 7.5%hetero-chitoo-ligosaccharide acetate SL on Coturnix japonica,Apis mellifera,Brachydanio rerio and Daphnia magna by oral-feeding methods(avian and honeybee),semi-static method(fish)and static method(Daphnia sp.)based on GB/T 31270-2014'test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides'.The results showed that test substances were all low toxicity to the non-target organisms without leading to death under limit test.In detail,7 d median lethal dose(7 d-LD_(50))of 95%hetero-chitooligosaccharide acetate TC and 7.5%hetero-chitooligosaccharide acetate SL to Coturnix japonica were>2.24×10^(3) mg a.i./kg and>762.6 mg a.i./kg,respectively.48 h-LD_(50) of test substances to Apis mellifera were>130μg a.i./bee and>118μg a.i./bee,respectively.96 h median lethal concentration(96 h-LC_(50))of test substances to Brachydanio rerio were>168 mg a.i./L and>150 mg a.i./L,respectively.48 h median effective concentration(48 h-EC_(50))of test substances to Daphnia magna were>224 mg a.i./L and>152 mg a.i./L,respectively.In conclusion,95%hetero-chitooligosaccharide acetate TC and 7.5%hetero-chitooligosaccharide acetate SL were safe for four non-target organisms.This study provided reference for rational application of hetero-chitooligosaccharide.

关 键 词：酰氨寡糖素 生物农药 生态毒性 非靶标生物 

分 类 号：TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工]