西南典型地下河系统无机-有机指标特征及健康风险评价  

Inorganic-Organic Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Typical Underground River System in Southwest China

作　　者：朱丹尼 周长松[1,2,3] 李军 邹胜章 卢海平[1,2,3] 樊连杰 林永生[1,2,3] ZHU Danni;ZHOU Changsong;LI Jun;ZOU Shengzhang;LU Haiping;FAN Lianjie;LIN Yongsheng(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,China;International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi Karst Resources and Environment Research Center of Engineering Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004 [3]广西岩溶资源环境工程技术研究中心,广西桂林541004 [4]河北建筑工程学院市政与环境工程系,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2022年第3期463-475,共13页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0406104);广西科技计划项目(桂科AB18050026);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221758,DD20221658)。

摘　　要：岩溶地下水为全球约25%的人口提供饮用水源,地下河作为主要岩溶地下水类型,是中国西南岩溶区重要供水水源,掌握其水质污染状况及人体健康风险,对岩溶区水资源保护与安全用水具有重要意义。本文以广西桂林会仙狮子岩地下河系统为例,采集地下河水样品22组(无机和有机样品各11组),采用电感耦合等离子体质谱、离子色谱、气相色谱-质谱等方法测定11项无机离子、10项金属元素及41项有机指标的质量浓度,运用单指标污染标准指数法、健康风险评价模型揭示了研究区无机与有机指标分布、污染及健康风险。结果表明:①狮子岩地下河水中无机超标指标有NH^(+)_(4)(1.33倍)、Fe(1.2倍)、Al(1.5倍)和Mn(1.01倍),超标点多位于地下河排泄区;检出18项有机物,其中挥发性有机物(VOCs)、半挥发性有机物(SVOCs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)检出率分别为18.75%、30.77%和91.67%,研究区存在普遍的农药残留(49.14~109.83ng/L)。②与地下水对照值相比,研究区受到10项无机指标的轻度~中度污染、14项有机指标的轻度污染,个别采样点受到NO^(-)_(3)、Fe、Al和Mn的较严重~严重污染,一处采样点遭受苯并[a]芘的极严重污染。③经饮用水和皮肤接触两种途径暴露的非致癌健康风险(成人9.98×10^(-3) a^(-1),儿童1.09×10^(-2) a^(-1))和致癌健康风险(成人1.33×10^(-7) a^(-1),儿童2.82×10^(-7) a^(-1))均在可接受范围内。本文认为研究区存在不同程度的无机和有机污染,但污染物指标对人体暂不构成非致癌和致癌健康风险。BACKGROUND:Karst groundwater provides drinking water for about 25%of the world’s population.As the main type of karst groundwater,underground rivers are an important water supply source for karst areas in Southwest China.It is of great significance to master the water quality,pollution status and human health risk for water resources protection and safety use in southern karst areas.OBJECTIVES:To reveal the chemical compositions,pollution degree and health risk of underground river water.METHODS:22 groups of underground river water samples(half inorganic and half organic samples)from the underground river system of Shiziyan in Huixian,Guilin,Guangxi were collected.The concentrations and spatial distribution of 21 inorganic ions and 41 organic indices were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),ion chromatography(IC)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The single index pollution standard index method was used to evaluate the pollution of 17 inorganic ions and 15 detected organic compounds.The health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA)was used to study the human health risk of 10 major pollutants.RESULTS:The results showed that:(1)Ca^(2+) and HCO^(-)_(3) were the dominant ions in the Shiziyan underground river.The concentrations of NH^(+)_(4),Fe,Al and Mn in the underground river exceeded the groundwater quality standard by 1.33,1.2,1.5 and 1.01 times,respectively,and the exceeding points were mostly located in the discharge area of the underground river.18 organic compounds were detected,of which the detection rates of volatile organic compounds(VOCs),semi volatile organics(SVOCs)and organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)were 18.75%,30.77%and 91.67%respectively.(2)Compared with the groundwater background values,the underground river water in the study area was slightly-moderately polluted by 10 inorganic indicators and 14 organic compounds.Some sampling points were seriously polluted by NO^(-)_(3),Fe,Al and Mn,and one sampli

关 键 词：地下河系统 无机指标 有机指标 污染评价 健康风险 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R845.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]