新生儿窒息的相关围产因素分析  

Analysis of Related Perinatal Factors of Neonatal Asphyxia

作　　者：赖秋菊 严争 王健 LAI Qiuju;YAN Zheng;WANG Jian(Department of Pediatrics,Fuzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian Province,350000 China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属福州市第一医院儿科,福建福州350000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2022年第6期5-8,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的研究分析新生儿窒息的相关围产因素,降低新生儿窒息的发生率及病死率。方法方便选取2020年7月—2021年3月该院NICU收治的出生窒息新生儿64例作为窒息组,分为轻度窒息组53例,重度窒息组11例。再选取同时期该院产科出生的健康新生儿70名作为对照组,分析各组中高龄产妇、早产、低出生体质量、剖宫产、脐带绕颈、羊水浑浊、胎膜早破、胎盘异常、产妇妊娠期糖尿病、产妇妊娠期高血压、胎位异常、产妇全麻等围产因素的发生情况。结果窒息组在早产(43.8%)、低出生体质量(26.6%)、剖宫产(70.3%)、脐带绕颈(23.4%)、羊水浑浊(26.6%)、胎盘异常(9.4%)、产妇妊娠期高血压(14.1%)、胎位异常(18.8%)、产妇全麻(6.3%)围产因素占比均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.715、21.295、31.487、5.591、10.996、6.870、7.727、11.450、4.510,P<0.05)。重度窒息组在早产(72.7%)、低出生体质量(63.6%)、胎盘异常(27.3%)因素占比均明显高于轻度窒息组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.532、9.359、5.008,P<0.05)。进一步用多因素Logistic回归分析,剖宫产、脐带绕颈、羊水浑浊、产妇妊娠期高血压是窒息的独立危险因素(OR=5.826、7.258、5.619、15.463,P<0.05)。结论早产、低出生体质量、剖宫产、脐带绕颈、羊水浑浊、胎盘异常、产妇妊娠期高血压、胎位异常、产妇全麻等围产因素是新生儿窒息相关因素;早产、低出生体质量、胎盘异常等是重度窒息的相关因素;剖宫产、脐带绕颈、羊水浑浊、产妇妊娠期高血压是新生儿窒息的独立危险因素。Objective To study and analyze the related perinatal factors of neonatal asphyxia,and reduce the incidence and mortality of neonatal asphyxia.Methods 64 neonates with asphyxia at birth,admitted to the NICU of the Hospital from July 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the asphyxia group.Divided into a mild asphyxia group with 53 cases and a severe asphyxia group with 11 cases.Then 70 healthy newborns born in the obstetrics department of the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The incidence of perinatal factors such as advanced maternal age,preterm birth,low birth weight,cesarean section,umbilical cord around neck,amniotic fluid turbidity,premature rupture of membranes,placenta abnormalities,maternal gestational diabetes,maternal gestational hypertension,abnormal fetal position,maternal general anesthesia,etc.in each group was analyzed.Results In the asphyxia group,premature delivery(43.8%),low birth weight(26.6%),cesarean section(70.3%),umbilical cord around the neck(23.4%),turbid amniotic fluid(26.6%),abnormal placenta(9.4%),maternal hypertension during pregnancy(14.1%),abnormal fetal position(18.8%)and maternal general anesthesia(6.3%)were significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=38.715,21.295,31.487,5.591,10.996,6.870,7.727,11.450,4.510,P<0.05).The proportions of factors such as premature delivery(72.7%),low birth weight(63.6%)and abnormal placenta(27.3%)in the severe asphyxia group were significantly higher than those in the mild asphyxia group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.532,9.359,5.008,P<0.05).Further multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section,umbilical cord around the neck,turbid amniotic fluid,and maternal hypertension during pregnancy was a independent rick factor for asphyxia(OR=5.826,7.258,5.619,15.463,P<0.05).Conclusion Premature delivery,low birth weight,cesarean section,umbilical cord around the neck,turbid amniotic fluid,abnormal placenta,maternal hypertensi

关 键 词：新生儿窒息 缺氧 复苏 围产因素 危险因素 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]