新生儿头皮血肿发生影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors for the occurrence of neonatal scalp hematoma

作　　者：叶俊花 徐萌艳 方柳絮 Ye Junhua;Xu Mengyan;Fang Liuxu(Delivery Room,Hangzhou Women′s Hospital,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市妇产科医院分娩中心,杭州310006

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2022年第12期902-905,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿头皮血肿发生的影响因素,为减少新生儿头皮血肿的发生提供依据。方法回顾性分析2020年1—12月于杭州市妇产科医院住院分娩的13151名产妇及其新生儿资料,统计新生儿头皮血肿发生情况,采用Logistic回归分析法分析其影响因素。结果13151例分娩新生儿中,新生儿头皮血肿发生68例,发生率为0.52%;阴道分娩、产钳助产、椎管内镇痛对新生儿头皮血肿的发生有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.26、19.59、6.11,均P<0.05)。结论阴道分娩、产钳助产、椎管内镇痛是新生儿头皮血肿的危险因素,分娩时会阴侧切未降低新生儿头皮血肿的发生,本研究中多例新生儿胎头着冠前就已发生头皮血肿,加强产程管理,提高非药物镇痛率,促进自然分娩,早发现、早预防,以降低新生儿头皮血肿的发生。Objective To discuss the influencing factors of neonatal scalp hematoma,and provide a basis for reducing the occurrence of neonatal scalp hematoma.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the data of 13151 parturients and their newborn infants who delivered in the Hangzhou Women′s Hospital from January to December 2020,counted the incidence of neonatal scalp hematoma,and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze its influencing factors.Results Among 13151 newborn baby,68 cases of neonatal head hematoma occurred,the incidence was 0.52%.Vaginal delivery,forceps,intraspinal analgesia were statistically significant in the occurrence of neonatal scalp hematoma(χ^(2)=19.26,19.59,6.11,all P<0.05).Conclusions Vaginal delivery,forceps,and intraspinal analgesia are the risk factors for neonatal scalp hematoma.Lateral perineal incision during delivery did not reduce the incidence of neonatal scalp hematoma.In this study,many cases of neonatal scalp hematoma occurred before the crown of the fetal head.Labor management,improve the rate of non-drug analgesia,promote natural delivery,early detection,early prevention,and reduce the incidence of neonatal hematoma.

关 键 词：新生儿 血肿 头皮 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]