短期高蛋白质低碳水化合物饮食干预在肥胖合并高血压患者中的应用  

Effect of short-term high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions in patients with obesity and hypertension

作　　者：赵莉 何慧 杜冬 廖淑萍 彭锐 吴伟晴 Zhao Li;He Hui;Du Dong;Liao Shuping;Peng Rui;Wu Weiqing(Health Management Department,Shenzhen People′s Hospital,Shenzhen 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市人民医院健康管理科,深圳518020

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2022年第5期308-311,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Management

摘　　要：目的探讨短期高蛋白质低碳水化合物饮食干预在肥胖合并高血压患者中的应用。方法回顾性选取2015年5月至2019年12月在深圳市人民医院体检并进行体重管理的200例肥胖合并高血压患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组(各100例),对照组采用常规饮食指导,试验组采用高蛋白质低碳水化合物饮食指导。干预指导8周后,观察两组体重、体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及降压药费用变化。采用t检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验进行两组干预前后对比,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果干预后试验组体重、体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及降压药费用均低于干预前[70.0(66.0,72.0)比79.0(74.0,85.0)kg、26.1(25.4,27.7)比28.5(26.8,29.5)kg/m^(2)、160.0(154.0,166.0)比168.0(162.0,178.0)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、97.0(90.5,98.0)比101.0(98.0,108.0)mmHg、4.95(4.70,5.20)比5.25(4.80,5.52)mmol/L、5.40(5.00,5.80)比5.80(5.27,6.40)mmol/L、1.10(0.90,1.20)比1.25(0.90,1.50)mmol/L、(646.4±21.3)比(669.6±21.6)元](均P<0.05);对照组体重低于干预前[78.0(73.3,83.0)比79.5(74.5,85.0)kg](P<0.05),体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及降压药费用差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论短期高蛋白质低碳水化合物饮食干预可有效减轻肥胖合并高血压患者的体重,并显著降低其血压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及降压药费用。Objective To determine the effect of short-term high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions on weight-related metabolic indexes in obese patients with hypertension.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 200 obese patients with hypertension who underwent physical examination and weight management in Shenzhen People′s Hospital from May 2015 to December 2019.Among them,100 patients were given routine diet education(control group),and 100 patients were given high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions(experimental group).After eight weeks,changes in body weight,body mass index,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,blood lipid,and medical expenses were compared.T-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences between the two groups before and after the interventions.When P<0.05,it was considered significantly different.Results After the intervention,body weight,body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and medical expenses of the experimental group decreased[79.0(74.0,85.0)vs 70.0(66.0,72.0)kg;28.5(26.8,29.5)vs 26.1(25.4,27.7)kg/m^(2);168.0(162.0,178.0)vs 160.0(154.0,166.0)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa);101.0(98.0,108.0)vs 97.0(90.5,98.0)mmHg;5.25(4.80,5.52)vs 4.95(4.70,5.20)mmol/L;5.80(5.27,6.40)vs 5.40(5.00,5.80)mmol/L;1.25(0.90,1.50)vs 1.10(0.90,1.20)mmol/L;(669.6±21.6)vs(646.4±21.3)CNY,respectively](all P<0.05).The body weight of the control group decreased[78.0(73.3,83.0)vs 79.5(74.5,85.0)kg](P<0.05).The control group′s body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and medical expenses had no significant changes(all P>0.05).Conclusion Short-term,high protein,low carbohydrate diet intervention can effectively reduce weight,hypertension,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and medical expenses in obese patients with hypertension.

关 键 词：肥胖 高血压 饮食干预 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌] R544.1[医药卫生—内科学]