不同火灾下建筑常用防火板材隔热性能试验研究  

Experimental Study on Insulating Properties of Fire-resistant Plates Commonly Used in Building under Different Fire Conditions

作　　者：范光明 王玲玲[1] 王卫华[1] FAN Guangming;WANG Lingling;WANG Weihua(College of Civil Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2022年第2期391-402,共12页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308237);华侨大学中青年教师科技创新资助计划(ZQN-PY414)资助。

摘　　要：利用防火板材防护钢构件是钢结构防火的重要措施之一,而防火板材的隔热性能决定了钢结构的耐火性能,为了研究建筑领域常用防火板材隔热性能,以及防火板材受火破坏形态和隔热性能随温度变化的规律,设计制作了14个防火板隔热性能试件,在三种火灾工况下对建筑领域常用防火板材进行隔热性能试验。研究结果表明:(1)板材受火后的破坏形态和裂纹开展情况都与火灾升温历史有关;(2)板材受热过程中分解的结合水蒸发吸热是缓解钢板升温的重要影响因素之一;(3)用ISO 834标准升温下板材温度平台区域的λ取值结果来指导其他两种火灾情形下防火构造设计是安全的;(4)利用板材表面空气温度和钢板温度测试结果获得了板材导热系数,数值模拟计算与试验结果吻合良好,验证了采用导热系数测量方法的可靠性;(5)利用数值模拟与试验相结合的方法,分析得到石膏板的温度-等效导热系数简化曲线的两个重要敏感参数:热质传递影响温度区间等效导热系数结束变化的温度点(470℃)和该温度区间的等效导热系数波谷极值大小。Fire-resistant plate is one of the important measures for fire prevention of steel members.The insulation property of fire-resistant plates determines the fire resistance of steel structure.In order to study the insulation performance and the damage pattern of the commonly used fire-resistant plates in the construction field under different fire conditions,fourteen specimens were tested under three different heating conditions.The results show that:(1)the failure mode and crack development of the plates are related to the heating history;(2)The evaporation related heat absorption of bound water decomposition is one of the important factors in alleviating the temperature rise of steel plates during heating process;(3)It is safe to use theλvalue in the plate temperature platform area under ISO-834standard fire condition to guide the design of fireproof structure in the other two fire situations;(4)The thermal conductivity of plate obtained by using the measured results of air temperature on plate surface and steel temperature agrees well with that of simulation,suggesting that the presented thermal conductivity measurement method is reliable;(5)Two important sensitive parameters of the simplified temperature-equivalent thermal conductivity curve of gypsum board are obtained by combining numerical simulation with experiment:the final temperature point of the temperature range in which the equivalent thermal conductivity is influenced by heat and mass transfer(470℃),and the minimum value of the equivalent thermal conductivity in this temperature range.

关 键 词：防火板材 升温机制 热质传递 等效导热系数 

分 类 号：TU545[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]