基于多层感知机的远距离水下声源定位技术研究  

Research on Long Range Underwater Source Location Based on Multi-layer Perceptron

作　　者：郑宇鸿 徐佳毅[1,2,3] 文艺成 李醒飞 ZHENG Yu-hong;XU Jia-yi;WEN Yi-cheng;LI Xing-fei(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology, Tianjin University, Qingdao 266200, China;Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院,青岛266200 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,青岛266237

出　　处：《导航定位与授时》2022年第3期40-48,共9页Navigation Positioning and Timing

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(20YFZCSN00940);青岛市创业创新领军人才计划(19-3-2-40-zhc)。

摘　　要：针对传统匹配场处理方法存在水下声源远距离定位失准以及定位时间过长的问题,提出了一种基于多层感知机的水下声源被动定位方案。利用团队自研的“浮星”浮标实测的剖面数据模拟真实海洋环境,并在水中布设垂直水听器阵,仿真大量不同位置的声源在水听器处产生的接收数据。将多通道波形数据直接作为输入对多层感知机网络进行训练,从而获取高精度的定位神经网络。仿真结果表明,与匹配场处理算法相比,设计的感知机网络可以在大范围信噪比环境中实现有效的水下声源定位,其中在30dB信噪比下定位距离和深度的平均相对误差达到了1.94%和6.84%。另外,相对于失配声速剖面,使用平均声速剖面模拟的接收数据可提高网络的定位性能。Aiming at the problems of inaccurate long range positioning of underwater source and long positioning time with traditional matched field processing(MFP)method,a long range location scheme of underwater source based on multi-layer perceptron(MLP)is proposed.The real marine environment is simulated by using the profile data measured by the team's self-developed“floating star”buoy.Vertical array of hydrophones is arranged in the water to simulate the received data generated by a large number of sources with different positions at the hydrophone.The multi-channel waveform data is directly used as the input to train the multi-layer perceptron,so as to obtain a high-precision positioning neural network.The simulation results show that compared with the matched field processing algorithm,the designed perceptron network can effectively locate the underwater source in a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio environment.The mean relative errors of location distance and depth reach 1.94%and 6.84%at 30dB signal-to-noise ratio.In addition,compared with the mismatched sound velocity profile,the received data simulated by the mean sound velocity profile can improve the positioning performance of the network.

关 键 词：远距离水下声源 匹配场处理 多层感知机 被动定位 平均声速剖面 

分 类 号：O427.9[理学—声学]