消费领域惩罚性赔偿与举报奖励制度的相容性研究  

Research on the Compatibility of Punitive Damages and Reporting Reward in the Field of Consumption

作　　者：黄嘉诚 庄汉[1] HUANG Jiacheng;ZHUANG Han(Law School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期123-131,共9页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖北省司法厅法治湖北建设研究重点课题(FZHBJSYJ2022004)。

摘　　要：《民法典》的颁行确立了我国民事领域普通法系意义上“典型的惩罚性赔偿制度”,其与以《消费者权益保护法》第55条第1款为代表的我国经济法学意义上消费领域“传统型惩罚性赔偿制度”共同形成了我国特色的“双轨并行制”惩罚性赔偿制度体系。惩罚性赔偿制度虽然在形式上属于法律的私人执行范畴,但无论是在制度设计上还是实践演进中,都对维护市场秩序、保护消费者权益发挥着重要的社会功能,具有举报奖励制度不可替代的制度功能优势。应避免公共执法与法律的私人执行界限绝对化,摒弃非此即彼的“替代性思维”,在肯定我国惩罚性赔偿制度“双轨并行制”立法传统及其重要实践的基础上,实现两制度的动态平衡。The promulgation of the Civil Code has established a typical punitive damages system in the sense of common law in China’s civil field,and together with the traditional punitive damages system in the sense of economic law represented by the first paragraph of Article 55 of the Law of the PRC on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers,it has formed a parallel-track system for punitive damages system with Chinese characteristics.Although the punitive damages system belongs to the private enforcement of law in form,it plays an important social role in maintaining market order and protecting the rights and interests of consumers,and has the irreplaceable institutional functional advantages compared with the reporting reward system.We should break the shackles of the absolute boundary between public law enforcement and private enforcement of law,abandon the“alternative thinking”of either-or,and realize the dynamic equilibrium between the two systems on the basis of affirming the legislative tradition of the parallel-track system of China’s punitive damages system and its implementation.

关 键 词：《民法典》 惩罚性赔偿制度 举报奖励制度 消费者权益保护 动态平衡 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]