化肥减施对设施陇椒叶片光谱特性的影响  

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Leaf Spectral Characteristics of Long pepper

作　　者：庄红梅[1] 李磐[2] 刘会芳[1] 陆鹏飞 冯广平[2] 韩宏伟[1] 王强[1] 王浩[1] Zhuang Hongmei;Li Pan;Liu Huifang;Lu Pengfei;Feng Guangping;Han Hongwei;Wang Qiang;Wang Hao(Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091;Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091;College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第9期3076-3090,共15页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201005)资助。

摘　　要：通过分析设施陇椒在不同氮、磷、钾肥减施条件下,不同生育期叶片的光谱反射率对N、P、K的响应,采用叶片光谱指数诊断N、P、K敏感时期,为新疆设施陇椒简便快捷的非破坏性营养诊断提供最佳物候期与方法。以习惯施肥为对照,采用不同氮、磷、钾减量试验,使用Unispec-SC光谱仪检测辣椒叶片在始花期、始果期、绿熟期、转色期、红熟期叶片的光谱反射率。在不同发育期,叶片光谱反射率均在可见光波段变异最小;在近红外区域,不同果实发育期,设施陇椒叶片在减30%与减45%优化施肥处理表现出光谱反射率较低,叶绿素含量较高。在不同N、P、K施肥水平下,不同果实发育期的叶片N、P、K素的敏感波段不同。不同肥料减施处理、不同生长发育阶段叶片N、P、K素存在不同的光敏感波段。分析设施陇椒不同生育期叶片光谱反射率对N、P、K的敏感性差异,探寻采用叶片光谱指数诊断N、P、K的敏感期,旨在为设施陇椒快速、精准、非破坏性营养诊断提供最佳时间窗。The sensitive period of leaf spectral index was studied by analyzing the leaf spectral reflectance in the response to nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at different growing stages of greenhouse Long pepper under the condition of fertilizer application reduction,to provide a non-invasive,simple and rapid nutrition diagnosis of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The leaf spectral reflectance was measured using Unispec-SC spectrometer at initial flowering,initial fruiting,green ripening,color changing,red ripening stage of pepper leaves under the condition of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer levels.The variation of leaf spectral reflectance in developmental phase was the least in visible spectrum band.In the near infrared region,the leaves of pepper showed lower spectral reflectance and higher chlorophyll content in different fruit growth stages,optimized fertilization treatment with a reduction of 30%and optimized fertilization treatment with a reduction of 45%.Under different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization levels,the sensitive bands of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in leaves at different fruit development stages were different.Under different fertilizer treatment conditions,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of leaves had different light sensitive bands at different developmental stages.The sensitivity differences of leaf spectral reflectance to N,P and K in different growth stages of greenhouse Long pepper were analyzed,and the sensitive periods of N,P and K were explored by using leaf spectral index,aiming to provide the best time window for rapid,accurate and non-destructive nutritional diagnosis of greenhouse Long pepper.

关 键 词：陇椒 化肥减施 光谱反射率 生育期 敏感期 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]