某高碳酸盐砂岩型铀矿石微酸中性浸出性能  

Weak Acid Leaching of Uranium Ore from a High Carbonate Uranium Deposit

作　　者：陈诗峰 魏学斌 陈功新[1] 刘金辉[1] 孙占学[1] 杨梅 刘媛媛[1] 高炳伦 CHEN Shi-feng;WEI Xue-bin;CHEN Gong-xin;LIU Jin-hui;SUN Zhan-xue;YANG Mei;LIU Yuan-yuan;GAO Bing-lun(School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,PetroChina Qinghai Oilfiled Company,Dunhuang 736200,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [2]中国石油天然气青海油田公司甘肃省敦煌市青海油田勘探开发研究院,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2022年第6期43-49,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1967209);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20202BABL203033);江西省博士后科研基金资助项目(2015KY48);放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室项目(2020RGET08)。

摘　　要：为研究微酸中性浸出工艺对高碳酸盐型铀矿石的浸出性能,对某高碳酸盐砂岩型铀矿石进行了静态浸泡试验、多回次氧化浸出试验及柱浸试验。结果表明,高碳酸盐型铀矿应用传统酸法浸出容易产生气堵和CaSO_(4)沉淀,而应用微酸中性浸出虽然浸出强度小,但不容易产生沉淀,应用传统碱性浸出的浸出强度略高于应用微酸中性浸出,但容易产生CaCO_(3)沉淀;应用低浓度H_(2)O_(2)氧化浸出效率低,H_(2)O_(2)主要被矿石中其他还原性物质消耗,高浓度H_(2)O_(2)容易和溶液中的铀反应生成过氧化铀沉淀,而KMnO_(4)氧化浸出效果明显;在柱浸中,微酸浸出浸出率和碱性浸出浸出率分别为49.2%和41.7%,前者主要限制因素是矿柱酸化速率高于矿柱氧化速率,而后者主要限制因素是浸出后期矿层堵塞,渗透性下降。In order to study leaching performance of micro-acid neutral leaching process for high carbonate uranium ore,static leaching tests,multiple stirring oxidation leaching tests and column leaching tests were conducted on uranium ore from a high carbonate sandstone type uranium deposit.The test results show that application of traditional acidic leaching of high carbonate type uranium ore can easily produce gas plugging and CaSO_(4) precipitation,while the application of micro-acid neutral leaching will not easily produce precipitation although the leaching intensity is small,and leaching intensity of application of alkaline leaching is slightly higher than that of micro-acid neutral leaching,but it is easy to produce CaCO_(3) precipitation.Leaching efficiency of low concentration H_(2)O_(2) oxidation is low,H_(2)O_(2) is mainly consumed by other reducing substances in the ore,high concentration H_(2)O_(2) is easy to react with uranium in solution to generate uranium peroxide precipitation,while KMnO_(4) oxidation leaching effect is obvious.In column leaching,leaching rate of micro-acid leaching and alkaline leaching is 49.2%and 41.7%,respectively.The main limiting factor of the former is that oxidation rate of column is lower than acidification rate of column,while the main limiting factor of latter is blockage of ore layer and drops of out permeability in late leaching period.

关 键 词：微酸浸出 砂岩型铀矿 高碳酸盐铀矿 中性浸出 

分 类 号：TL212.12[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]