化肥减施下不同肥料对冬作马铃薯产量和经济效益的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizers on Yield and Economic Benefit of Winter Potato under Chemical Fertilizer Reduction

作　　者：官利兰 冯锦乾[3] 何艺超 陈健章 邝美玲 李水源[1] 张新明 冯玉环[1] 岑越彪 冯健超 GUAN Li-lan;FENG Jin-qian;HE Yi-chao(Guangdong Enping Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Enping,Guangdong 510520;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Jiangmen Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529000)

机构地区：[1]广东省恩平市农业技术推广服务中心,广东恩平510520 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]江门市农业科学研究所,广东江门529000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第11期142-144,172,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-9-ES14);国家重点研发计划项目课题一(2018YFD0200801);2020年度广东省科技专项资金(“大专项+任务清单”)项目(江科〔2020〕182号)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨化肥减施下不同缓释复合肥对冬作马铃薯产量及经济效益的影响。[方法]通过田间试验比较化肥减量施用下冬作马铃薯施用3种不同缓释复合肥之间的差异及缓释复合肥与常规复合肥之间的差异。[结果]3种缓释复合肥处理较无肥对照增产14243.55~15833.40 kg/hm^(2),且可保障马铃薯块茎品质。缓释复合肥2和缓释复合肥3处理利润较常规施肥处理高3612.3和2394.9元/hm^(2)。缓释复合肥1、缓释复合肥2、缓释复合肥3处理肥料偏生产力显著高于常规施肥处理,分别较常规施肥处理高20.20、23.68、17.43 kg/kg。[结论]在试验条件下,1 hm^(2)施用1500 kg缓释复合肥2或缓释复合肥3配合4500 kg生物有机肥可实现减肥增效。[Objective]The effects of different fertilizers on yield and economic benefit of winter potato under chemical fertilizer reduction were discussed in this paper.[Method]Field experiments were conducted to compare the differences among three different slow release compound fertilizers and the differences between slow release compound fertilizer and conventional compound fertilizer of winter potato under chemical fertilizer reduction.[Result]The yield of three slow release compound fertilizer treatments increased by 14243.55-15833.40 kg/hm^(2)compared with the non-fertilizer treatment.There was no significant difference in tuber quality among different treatments.The profit of slow release compound fertilizer 2 treatment and slow release compound fertilizer 3 treatment were 3612.3 and 2394.9 yuan/hm^(2)higher than that of conventional fertilization treatment.The partial productivity of slow-release compound fertilizer 1,slow-release compound fertilizer 2 and slow-release compound fertilizer 3 was significantly higher than that of conventional fertilization treatment,which was 20.20,23.68 and 17.43 kg/kg higher than that of conventional fertilization treatment,respectively.[Conclusion]Under the experimental conditions,the application of 1500 kg/hm^(2)slow-release compound fertilizer 2 or slow-release compound fertilizer 3 combined with 4500 kg/hm^(2)biological organic fertilizer could reduce application rate of chemical fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency.

关 键 词：冬作马铃薯 缓释复合肥 产量 经济效益 化肥减施 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]