区块链:元宇宙的核心基础设施  

Blockchain:Core Metaverse Infrastructure

作　　者：李鸣 张亮[1,2] 宋文鹏 吴美玉 LI Ming;ZHANG Liang;SONG Wenpeng;WU Meiyu(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing,School of Computer Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Blockchain,Shanghai 200433,China;China Electronics Standardization Institute,Beijing 100007,China;School of Economics and Management,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Emergency Support Simulation Technologies for City Operations,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学计算机科学技术学院上海市智能信息处理重点实验室,上海200433 [2]上海区块链工程技术研究中心,上海200433 [3]中国电子技术标准化研究院,北京100007 [4]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191 [5]城市运行应急保障模拟技术北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《计算机工程》2022年第6期24-32,41,共10页Computer Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB2101703);国家自然科学基金(U19A2066);上海市科技创新行动计划(20511102200,20222420800)。

摘　　要：当前,元宇宙产业热度极高,或将形成庞大的信息消费生态,成为数字经济的重要组成部分,然而业界对于元宇宙概念的定义多为叙事性描述,缺乏体系化研究和工程化应用。元宇宙产业发展的基础是厘清其本质和内涵,明确元宇宙的基础设施和技术体系,以对元宇宙产业的工程应用提供实际帮助。通过分析元宇宙的背景和产业情况,研究元宇宙内涵和外延,提出区块链是元宇宙的核心基础设施,可从技术平台、应用场景、协作机制等方面对元宇宙提供关键支持。元宇宙的技术参考模型包括元网络、元系统、元服务、元应用、元空间等5层,而区块链的关键技术组件覆盖了元宇宙技术参考模型的核心部分,密码学和分布式身份认证体系可支撑元宇宙的组织、身份、资产、活动等4个关键要素以建立元宇宙的身份价值网络,金融资产协议、加密货币体系和数字资产凭证也将辅助构建元宇宙经济金融体系。同时,对基于区块链的元宇宙概念和术语体系、技术体系的集成方法、分布式商业应用场景等未来发展方向进行展望。The Metaverse industry is extremely hot,and is poised to form a significant information consumption ecosystem,becoming an important part of the digital economy.However,there are different opinions regarding how the Metaverse industry should be understood,most of which are narrative descriptions lacking systematic research and engineering practice.The development of the Metaverse industry is based on clarifying its essence and connotative meaning,clarifying its infrastructure and technological system,and providing practical assistance to its engineering practice.Based on an analysis of the background and industrial state of the Metaverse,this paper describes its connotation and extension,and proposes the idea that Blockchain is its core technical infrastructure,providing key support to the Metaverse in terms of technology platform,application scenarios,and the collaboration mechanism.A technical reference model of the Metaverse includes five layers:meta-network,meta-system,meta-service,metaapplication,and meta-space.The key technologies of the Blockchain component cover the core technical reference model of the Metaverse.In addition,the cryptography and distributed authentication system of Blockchain can support the organization,identity,asset,and activities to build an identity value network of the Metaverse.At the same time,the financial asset protocol,cryptocurrency system,and digital asset certificate of Blockchain will also help in building an economic and financial system for the Metaverse.Finally,the future development of the concept and terminology system of the Metaverse,an integration method of its technology system,and distributed business application scenarios based on Blockchain are all predicted.

关 键 词：元宇宙 区块链 第三代互联网 数字新生态 价值交互网络 核心基础设施 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]