上海大歌剧院结构选型与设计  

Structural selection and design of Shanghai Grand Opera

作　　者：陈建兴[1] 包联进[1] 刘康 杨康 邱介尧 师璁 郑瑜 徐自然[1] CHEN Jianxing;BAO Lianjin;LIU Kang;YANG Kang;QIU Jieyao;SHI Cong;ZHENG Yu;XU Ziran(East China Architectural Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200002,China)

机构地区：[1]华东建筑设计研究院有限公司,上海200002

出　　处：《建筑结构》2022年第9期42-47,73,共7页Building Structure

基　　金：上海市社会发展科技攻关项目(20DZ1202002);华建集团科研项目(21-1类-0111-结)。

摘　　要：上海大歌剧院外形如展开的折扇,由大、中、小三个歌剧厅以及剧院配套用房、教育展示用房组成。歌剧厅的舞台和观众厅跨度较大,主舞台四周均无楼板为空旷空间。主舞台的台仓较深,埋入地下25m。观众厅采用多层长悬挑楼座。为满足功能、平面布局和结构需求,主体结构采用框架-剪力墙结构,剪力墙布置在观众厅和舞台的周边。针对剧场建筑特点,对舞台周边结构、台塔墙体布置、台仓结构、顶部大跨结构和长悬挑楼座等关键部位结构进行分析,并提出针对性的结构方案和措施。通过非线性时程分析,对是否设置黏滞阻尼墙结构的地震响应进行对比,黏滞阻尼墙的减震效果明显。针对上、下建筑轴网不一致的不上人屋盖,提出能适应建筑表皮和功能布局的屋盖结构系统,从支座布置、支座刚度以及转换结构等方面进行分析,验证了屋盖受力的合理性。Shanghai Grand Opera looks like an unfolded folding fan. It is composed of three opera halls, large, medium and small, as well as supporting rooms for the theater and education and exhibition rooms. The stage and auditorium of the opera hall have a large span. There is no floor around the main stage, which is an open space. The stage warehouse of the main stage is deep and buried 25 m underground. The auditorium adopts multi-storey long cantilever seats. In order to meet the requirements of function, plane layout and structure, the main structure adopts frame-shear wall structure, and the shear wall is arranged around the auditorium and stage. According to the characteristics of theater buildings, the structure of key parts such as the surrounding structure of the stage, layout of the tower wall, stage warehouse structure, top long-span structure and long cantilever of theater gallery were analyzed, and the rational structural systems and measures were put forward. Through nonlinear time history analysis, the seismic response of structure with or without viscous damping wall was compared, and viscous damping wall has obvious shock absorption effect. Aiming at the roof with inconsistent upper and lower building grids, a roof structural system which can adapt to the building skin and functional layout was proposed, and the rationality of roof structure was verified by analyzing the support layout, support stiffness and transfer structure.

关 键 词：上海大歌剧院 剧场建筑 大跨度结构 长悬挑结构 黏滞阻尼墙 舞台结构 

分 类 号：TU318.2[建筑科学—结构工程]