具有排气功能的毛管末端自动冲洗阀设计与结构优化  

Design and structural optimization of the automatic flushing valve with exhaust function

作　　者：莫彦 赵新凯 王建东 张彦群[1] 龚时宏[1] 夏辉[3] 李巧灵 王烨 Mo Yan;Zhao Xinkai;Wang Jiandong;Zhang Yanqun;Gong Shihong;Xia Hui;Li Qiaoling;Wang Ye(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basins,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Urban and Rural Construction,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;Forestry and Grassland Survey Planning and Design Institute of Hebei Chengde,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [3]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,保定071001 [4]河北承德林业和草原调查规划设计院,承德067000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第6期72-79,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(ID0145B042021);国家重点研发专项课题(2019YFC0409203);国家自然科学基金(51909276);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(2021-2025)。

摘　　要：该研究创制一种具备自动排气功能(Auto-Exhaust function,AE)的毛管末端自动冲洗阀,以提高冲洗时长和冲洗水量。选取延时流道齿长和齿宽、上腔体容积和冲洗阀进口压力共4个因素,采用L_(18)(3^(7))正交试验设计18种规格的AE冲洗阀,并设置4种无排气装置(Non-Exhaust function,NE)的冲洗阀为对照,探究排气装置提升冲洗阀水力性能的作用机理和AE冲洗阀性能参数对试验因素的响应规律。结果表明,当进口压力为0.06~0.14 MPa时,AE冲洗阀的冲洗时长、冲洗水量和冲洗流速分别为18.2~67.7 s、3904~12367 mL和0.88~1.40 m/s。冲洗时长和水量与流道齿长、齿宽和上腔体容积均为正相关关系,与进口压力为负相关关系,冲洗流速只与进口压力有关,为正相关关系。流道齿长、齿宽和上腔体容积对冲洗时长和水量影响显著,进口压力对冲洗时长和流速影响显著(P<0.05)。AE冲洗阀能自动排出上腔体中的空气,增加蓄水容积,使其冲洗时长和水量分别比NE冲洗阀提高83.5%与75.4%以上。综合考虑延时流道抗堵塞性能、冲洗时长和水量等因素,推荐AE冲洗阀流道齿长、齿宽、上腔体容积和进口压力分别为1.2 mm、2.2 mm、19.1 mL和0.06 MPa,其冲洗时长和水量分别是NE冲洗阀的2.8和2.7倍,是进口冲洗阀的7.4和7.0倍,为67.7 s、12194 mL。研究结果可为具有排气功能的毛管末端自动冲洗阀的研发提供依据。Dripline flushing has been widely expected to control the emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems.In this study,a new type of automatic flushing valve with the exhaust function(AE flushing valve)was developed to improve the duration and water volume of flushing.Four parameters were set,including the dentation length and dentation width of the delay channel,upper cavity volume,and water pressure before flushing valve.Eighteen AE flushing valves were designed by L_(18)(3^(7))orthogonal test.Four flushing valves without an exhaust device(NE flushing valve)were set as the control treatment.A hydraulic performance test was performed on the 223D printed AE flushing valves to verify the effect of the exhaust device.The response characteristics of AE flushing valve performance to test parameters were also investigated.The results showed that the duration,water volume,and velocity of the AE flushing valve were 18.2-67.7 s,3904-12367 mL,and 0.94-1.4 m/s,respectively when the water pressure at the flushing valve inlet was 0.06-0.14 MPa.The flushing duration and water volume were positively correlated with the dentation length,dentation width,and upper cavity volume,but negatively correlated with the water pressure.The flushing velocity was positively correlated with the water pressure only.According to the significance level of 0.05,the dentation length,dentation width and upper cavity volume posed significant effects on the flushing duration and water volume.The water pressure at the flushing valve inlet presented significant effects on the flushing duration and flushing velocity.The AE flushing valve automatically discharged the air in the upper cavity to improve the flushing duration and flushing water volume,which increased by more than 83.5%and 75.4%,respectively,compared with the NE flushing valve.Considering the anti-clog performance of the delay channel inside the flushing valve,and the minimum size of the flow section of the delay channel should be less than the sensitive clogging size of the emitter of 0.6-0.7

关 键 词：灌溉 堵塞 冲洗 自动排气 时长 水量 流速 

分 类 号：S126[农业科学—农业基础科学]