陆地棉亲本间遗传距离与配合力的相关性研究  

Analysis of correlation between genetic distance and combining ability in upland cotton

作　　者：王立如 曲玉杰 耿晓丽 Zareen Sarfraz 贾银华[1] 潘兆娥[1] 杜雄明[1] WANG LiRu;QU YuJie;GENG XiaoLi;ZAREEN Sarfraz;JIA YinHua;PAN ZhaoE;DU XiongMing(State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Cotton Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,棉花生物学国家重点实验室,安阳455000

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第4期491-498,共8页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目资助。

摘　　要：选取305份陆地棉核心种质,采用L×T(Line×Tester)遗传交配设计配制了1500个杂交组合,依据测试种的差异,将所有杂交组合分成A,B,C,D,E 5个组合类群.采用2种方案分别对陆地棉亲本间遗传距离与10个产量纤维品质性状的配合力之间的相关性进行了分析,以期找到强优势组合的选配规律及亲本的利用价值.结果发现,遗传距离与衣分的一般配合力之间存在显著或者极显著负相关;遗传距离与纤维长度、断裂比强度、整齐度指数、伸长率、纺纱均匀性指数的一般配合力之间存在显著或极显著的正相关或者负相关;遗传距离与马克隆值的一般配合力在A~D组大部分的亚群中存在显著或极显著负相关,而在E组中存在显著正相关.遗传距离与特殊配合力在D组中与大部分性状呈显著或者极显著正相关,E组中与多数性状呈负相关或显著负相关.亲本间数量性状遗传距离与大部分性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力呈显著或极显著的线性关系.由于两种方案在样本量、遗传距离变幅和父本等方面存在差异,所以结果略有所不同,即E组和亚群Ⅴ较为特殊,相关性结果有别于其他组,但大体趋势一致.这些显著或极显著相关的性状在育种实践中可能具有较高的改良潜力.A core collection of 305(300+5)upland cotton accessions were selected to construct a population of 1500 F1 crosses using the L×T(Line×Tester)method.The combinations were divided into five classes(A,B,C,D and E)according to their cross variety differences.Genetic distance between upland cotton parents and combining abilities for 10 yield-and fiber quality-related traits were analyzed using two different methods.The results showed a significant or highly significant negative correlation between genetic distance and general combining ability(GCA)for lint percentage(LP).There was a significant or highly significant correlation between genetic distance and fiber length(LP),breaking strength(FS),uniformity index(FUI),elongation(FE),spinning uniformity and GCA.A significant or highly significant negative correlation was found between genetic distance and GCA for micronaire in almost all subgroups of A–D sets,whereas a significant positive correlation was found in set E.Genetic distance and specific combining ability(SCA)were significantly or highly significantly correlated with most of the studied traits in a positive way in set D,but in a negative way in set E.There was a significant or highly significant linear relationship between the genetic distance of quantitative traits and GCA and SCA for most of the traits.Because of the differences in sample size,genetic distance,and paternal parent,the results of the two methods were slightly different.It has been found that group E and subgroup V were exceptional with different correlation results compared with other groups,but the general trend was consistent.These significantly or highly significantly correlated traits may have a high potential for cotton improvement.Hence,the information generated in the current study might be efficiently utilized in breeding programs focusing on the improvement of cotton yield and fiber quality.

关 键 词：陆地棉 一般配合力 特殊配合力 数量性状 遗传距离 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]