外源低分子有机酸对铜胁迫下珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响  

Effect of exogenous low-molecular-organic acids on seed germination of Solanum pseudocapsicum L.under copper stress

作　　者：李芹梅 潘曲波 闻永慧 夏小丽 彭麟迪 汪琼[1] LI Qinmei;PAN Qubo;WEN Yonghui;XIA Xiaoli;PENG Lindi;WANG Qiong(Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization,Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Forestry and Grassland Administration),College of Landscape Architecture and Horticultural Science,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,云南省功能性花卉资源及产业化技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期20-27,34,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760234);云南省教育厅项目(11070664)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究苹果酸和柠檬酸对铜胁迫下珊瑚樱种子萌发的影响,筛选其最适外施浓度,为分析重金属胁迫下有机酸缓解作用和植物反应机制提供参考。【方法】以珊瑚樱为试材,用不同质量浓度铜胁迫(0,10,20,40,60,80,100 mg/L)处理,通过测定种子萌发指标筛选铜对珊瑚樱种子的半致死浓度。在此基础上,依据珊瑚樱果实中低分子量有机酸(苹果酸和柠檬酸),研究不同浓度(1,3,5和10 mmol/L)苹果酸和柠檬酸对铜胁迫(40 mg/L)下珊瑚樱种子萌发参数(发芽时间、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和芽长)和根系活力的影响,运用主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析对2种有机酸缓解铜胁迫下珊瑚樱种子的效果进行综合评价。【结果】(1)当铜质量浓度为40 mg/L时,珊瑚樱种子发芽显著受抑(P<0.05),且活力指数和芽长受抑程度均达到50%。(2)当外源苹果酸浓度为5 mmol/L时,珊瑚樱种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均达到最大值,与Cu_(40)处理相比,分别提高了24.02%,42.49%和50.49%,均有显著性差异;不同浓度外源柠檬酸仅能提高珊瑚樱种子发芽率,当柠檬酸浓度为1,3,5和10 mmol/L时,发芽率分别提高了5.25%,9.68%,10.78%和11.90%。(3)与Cu_(40)处理相比,当外源苹果酸浓度为5 mmol/L时,珊瑚樱根系活力提高19.27%;其浓度为10 mmol/L时,会抑制种子发芽后芽苗生长。柠檬酸对铜胁迫下珊瑚樱根系活力没有起到缓解作用。(4)主成分分析和聚类分析表明,活力指数是评价有机酸对铜胁迫下珊瑚樱种子萌发缓解作用的重要参数;5 mmol/L苹果酸对铜胁迫下珊瑚樱种子萌发的缓解效果最佳。【结论】外源苹果酸缓解铜胁迫下珊瑚樱受害的效果显著优于柠檬酸,且缓解作用表现出低促高抑的剂量效应。【Objective】This study explored the effects of malic acid and citric acid on seed germination of Solanum pseudocapsicum and screened optimal application concentration to provide basis for understanding the alleviating effect of organic acids and plant response mechanisms under heavy metal stress.【Method】The semi-lethal concentration of copper on seeds of Solanum pseudocapsicum was screened by measuring germination rate and other indicators.Using this concentration(Cu_(40))as control,the effects of malic acid and citric acid at different concentrations(1,3,5 and 10 mmol/L)on seed germination parameters(germination time,germination percentage,germination potential,germination index,vigor index and shoot length)and root activity of Solanum pseudocapsicum under copper stress(40 mg/L)were studied.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate and compare the effects of two organic acids on relieving copper stress in Solanum pseudocapsicum seeds.【Result】(1)When the copper concentration was 40 mg/L,the germination rate was significantly inhibited(P<0.05),and the vigor index and shoot length were inhibited above 50%.(2)When the concentration of exogenous malic acid was 5 mmol/L,the germination percentage,germination index and vigor index of Solanum pseudocapsicum seeds were increased significantly by 24.02%,42.49%and 50.49%and reached their maximum.Exogenous citric acid only improved the germination rate by 5.25%,9.68%,10.78%and 11.90%when the concentrations were 1,3,5 and 10 mmol/L,respectively.(3)Compared with the copper stress treatment(Cu_(40)),the root activity increased by 19.27%when malic acid was 5 mmol/L,and the growth of buds after germination was inhibited with the concentration greater than 10 mmol/L.Citric acid did not alleviate the root activity of Solanum pseudocapsicum under copper stress.(4)The principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis showed that the vigor index was an important parameter to evaluate the alleviating effects of organic acids

关 键 词：珊瑚樱 种子萌发 铜胁迫 苹果酸 柠檬酸 

分 类 号：S686.01[农业科学—观赏园艺]